Vitamin D Metabolism in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Is Influenced by Chewing “Betel Nut” (Areca catechu) and Vitamin D Status

Ogunkolade, W; Boucher, Barbara J.; Bustin, Stephen A.; Burrin, Jacky M.; Noonan, Kate; Mannan, Nasima; Hitman, G. A.

doi:10.1210/jc.2005-2750

Cited by 52 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Vitamin D is initially metabolized to the intermediate compound 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the liver and then subsequently binds to intracellular receptors, which regulate gene expression (17). The vitamin D receptor (VDR) is an important regulator of the vitamin D pathway, which involves the conversion of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D into the active hormone, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (18).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Variants in the Vitamin D Receptor Are Associated with Advanced Prostate Cancer at Diagnosis: Findings from the Prostate Testing for Cancer and Treatment Study and a Systematic Review

Chen

Smith²,

Evans³

et al. 2009

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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Low levels of plasma vitamin D have been implicated as a possible risk factor for both prostate cancer incidence and advanced disease, and recent phase II trials suggest that vitamin D supplementation might delay progression of prostate cancer. Common polymorphisms in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) are associated with VDR activity and are therefore potentially useful proxies for assessing whether vitamin D is causally related to advanced prostate cancer. We genotyped five well-known VDR polymorphisms in 1,604 men with prostate cancer from the Prostate Testing for Cancer and Treatment study. Our aim was to examine the association between VDR polymorphisms and cancer stage (localized versus advanced) as well as cancer grade (Gleason score <7 versus ≥7). Moreover, we also carried out a systematic review and meta-analysis of 13 similar studies. As a result of our meta-analysis, we revealed three polymorphisms, BsmI, ApaI, and TaqI, associated with high Gleason score with an overall summary odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of 1.12 (1.00-1.25; bb versus BB + Bb), 1.25 (1.02-1.53; aa versus AA + Aa), and 0.82 (0.69-0.98; Tt + tt versus TT), respectively. The haplotype analysis revealed that the BsmI (B)-ApaI (A)-TaqI (t) participants compared with BsmI (b)-ApaI (a)-TaqI (T) individuals were less likely to have high Gleason scores (odds ratio, 0.84; 95% confidence interval, 0.71-1.00; P unadjusted = 0.050; P adjusted = 0.014). Our finding provides some support for the hypothesis that low levels of vitamin D may increase the risk of prostate cancer progression. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2009;18(11):2874-81)

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Variants in the Vitamin D Receptor Are Associated with Advanced Prostate Cancer at Diagnosis: Findings from the Prostate Testing for Cancer and Treatment Study and a Systematic Review

Chen

Smith²,

Evans³

et al. 2009

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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“…ROS can cause many harmful effects such as oxidative and chromosomal damage of DNA, which could be involved in several stages of the carcinogenic process in oral mucosa. 36,37 Some studies found that use of betel nut was associated with thiamine deficiency, 38,39 aggravated effects of vitamin-D deficiency 40 and was associated with central obesity, hyperglycemia, diabetes mellitus 41,42 cirrhosis 43 and goiter. 44 Various studies have shown that betel nut use during pregnancy has adverse effect on birth outcomes, including low birth weight, shorter birth length, and preterm delivery.…”

Section: Health Hazardmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse effects on health posed by consumption of Areca nut (Areca catechu L., family: Palmaceae)

Hossain

Anwar

Akhtar³

et al. 2015

Int J Community Med Public Health

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“…one session of hookah smoking provides the same amount of smoke as more than 100 cigarettes and both contain nicotine, carcinogens and toxic gases, while the CV and respiratory effects of chewing tobacco are similar to those of smoking 20,66,90 . Chewing of betel nut on its own is highly addictive, inducing a cocaine-like dependency 20 and is genotoxic, carcinogenic, mutagenic and associated with hyperglycaemia 91 . The saHF points out that imports of smokeless tobacco from the Indian subcontinent are often not adequately labelled and are readily available, even to children, which is both illegal and highly dangerous to health 20 .…”

Section: Smoking and Chewing Tobacco And Betel Nutmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vitamin Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…low vitamin D concentrations are related to increased risk of T2D, affecting pancreatic insulin secretion and insulin resistance 91,99 . sas also appear to have increased vitamin D catabolism, possibly through betel nut chewing and cigarette smoking 91,100 . However, insulin resistant sa women with serum 25(oH)D <50nmol/l given 4000Iu/d or placebo for six months showed significantly improved insulin sensitivity and resistance, particularly when 25(oH)D reached ≥80nmol/l …”

Section: Vitamin Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

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South Asians and their increased cardiovascular risk: A review of risk factors and diet and lifestyle modification

Nicoll¹,

Henein²

2015

ICFJ

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South Asians (SAs) have a significantly higher incidence and severity of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD) than Caucasians and can present with atypical ischaemic symptoms. This can present a challenge for health professionals who may not be aware of the lowered thresholds recommended for SA body mass index, waist circumference and age. Although SAs are likely to have all the hallmarks of metabolic syndrome: central obesity, insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, reduced high density lipoprotein, high triglycerides and hypertension, conventional risk factors alone do not fully predict the increased CVD risk among this community. Furthermore, SAs themselves may not be aware of their increased predisposition to disease nor of the dietary and lifestyle modifications which could reduce the risk and severity of their condition. Even where some modification has been attempted, there may be cultural pressure to conform to a traditional diet and the requirements for fasting and feasting. Principally, SAs should avoid large late meals, reduce sugary sweets and drinks, alcohol and foods fried in plant oils which create damaging transfats, while increasing protein and non-fried vegetables to help glycaemic control. Chewing paan, with or without added tobacco, is a particular risk factor for both CVD and cancer, on a par with the dangers of smoking. Although not in the culture, exercise would also be of great benefit.

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Vitamin D Metabolism in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Is Influenced by Chewing “Betel Nut” (Areca catechu) and Vitamin D Status

Abstract: Betel chewing is a more powerful independent determinant of increased 24(OH)ase expression and of decreased serum calcitriol than serum 25-OHD, supporting the hypothesis that this habit could aggravate the effects of vitamin-D deficiency.

Cited by 52 publications

References 39 publications

Genetic Variants in the Vitamin D Receptor Are Associated with Advanced Prostate Cancer at Diagnosis: Findings from the Prostate Testing for Cancer and Treatment Study and a Systematic Review

Genetic Variants in the Vitamin D Receptor Are Associated with Advanced Prostate Cancer at Diagnosis: Findings from the Prostate Testing for Cancer and Treatment Study and a Systematic Review

Adverse effects on health posed by consumption of Areca nut (Areca catechu L., family: Palmaceae)

South Asians and their increased cardiovascular risk: A review of risk factors and diet and lifestyle modification

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