Vitamin D, pre‐eclampsia, and preterm birth among pregnancies at high risk for pre‐eclampsia: an analysis of data from a low‐dose aspirin trial

Gernand, Alison D.; Simhan, HN; Baca, KM; Caritis, Steve N.; Bodnár, L

doi:10.1111/1471-0528.14372

Cited by 24 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 46 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Early observational studies suggested a consistent relationship between maternal circulating concentrations of 25(OH)D and preeclampsia ( 13 , 51 – 53 ), altered placental vascular pathology ( 54 ), cesarean section rates ( 55 ), glucose intolerance ( 56 ), adverse birth outcomes due to race and ethnicity ( 57 ), brain dysfunction ( 50 ) and respiratory dysfunction ( 38 ). Since 1980, studies have shown that maternal vitamin D deficiency is a variety of adverse health outcomes, which include abnormal fetal growth patterns (with the likelihood of alteration in growth associated with extreme deficiency) ( 58 ), adverse birth outcomes (such as preterm birth) ( 59 , 60 ), reproductive failure ( 61 – 65 ), and have further strengthened vitamin D's role as a contributing factor in the manifestation and progression of disease leading to preeclampsia ( 66 , 67 ). A recent meta-analysis of observational studies has found a positive relationship between maternal vitamin D deficiency and the risk of preterm birth ( 68 ).…”

Section: Vitamin D Deficiency During Pregnancy: Human Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Implications of Vitamin D Status During Pregnancy on Mother and her Developing Child

2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pregnancy is a time of tremendous growth and physiological changes for mother and her developing fetus with lifelong implications for the child. The concert of actions that must occur so mother does not reject the foreign tissue of the fetus is substantial. There must be exquisite balance between maternal tolerance to these foreign proteins of paternal origin but also immune surveillance and function such that the mother is not immunocompromised. When this process goes awry, the mother may experience such pregnancy complications as preeclampsia and infections. Vitamin D deficiency affects these processes. Controversy continues with regard to the optimal daily intake of vitamin D, when sunlight exposure should be taken into account, and how to define sufficiency during such vulnerable and critical periods of development. The importance of vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy in preventing some of the health risks to the mother and fetus appears linked to achieving 25(OH)D concentrations >40 ng/mL, the beginning point of the plateau where conversion of the vitamin D metabolite 25(OH)D, the pre-hormone, to 1,25(OH)2D, the active hormone, is optimized. Throughout pregnancy, the delivery of adequate vitamin D substrate—through sunlight or supplement—is required to protect both mother and fetus, and when in sufficient supply, favorably impacts the epigenome of the fetus, and in turn, long term health. There is a growing need for future research endeavors to focus not only on critical period(s) from pre-conception through pregnancy, but throughout life to prevent certain epigenetic changes that adversely affect health. There is urgency based on emerging research to correct deficiency and maintain optimal vitamin D status. The impact of vitamin D and its metabolites on genetic signaling during pregnancy in both mother and fetus is an area of great activity and still in its early stages. While vitamin D repletion during pregnancy minimizes the risk of certain adverse outcomes (e.g., preterm birth, asthma, preeclampsia, and gestational diabetes), the mechanisms of how these processes occur are not fully understood. As we intensify our research efforts in these areas. it is only a matter of time that such mechanisms will be defined.

show abstract

Section: Vitamin D Deficiency During Pregnancy: Human Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Implications of Vitamin D Status During Pregnancy on Mother and her Developing Child

2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Preeclampsia is a risk factor for premature birth whose only treatment is birth [36,37]. A large body of evidence indicates that increased inflammatory response is a feature of systemic vascular dysfunction in this disorder, although its cause is not completely known [38,39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between vitamin D plasma concentrations and VDR gene variants and the risk of premature birth

Dutra

Affonso-Kaufman

Cafeo

et al. 2019

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Premature birth is the main cause of mortality in children under 1 year, and vitamin D deficiency during gestation is associated with prematurity. The effects of vitamin D are mediated by its receptor, which is encoded by the VDR gene. VDR variants-such as single nucleotide variation (SNV)-are associated with increased risk of prematurity, but there are conflicting results. We evaluated serum vitamin D concentrations and the frequency of TaqI/A > G, BsmI/C > T, ApaI/C > A, and FokI/A > T VDR variants in mothers and preterm (PTN) and fullterm (FTN) newborns. Methods: We conducted a case-control study comprising 40 pairs of mothers and their PTNs (gestational age < 32 weeks and/or weight < 1500 g), and 92 pairs of mothers and FTNs as controls. Genotyping was performed by realtime PCR, and plasma vitamin D concentrations were measured by electrochemiluminescence. Results: Vitamin D levels were significantly lower in PTN mothers. Genotypes TaqI/GG and BsmI/TT, and haplotypes AAG (TaqI/A-ApaI/A-FokI/G) and GCA (TaqI/G-ApaI/C-FokI/A) were significantly more frequent in PTN mothers, and genotypes TaqI/AG, ApaI/AA, and FokI/AG resulted in significantly lower vitamin D levels. Genotypes BsmI/TT and ApaI/AA were associated with vitamin D deficiency and 2.36 and 7.99 times greater likelihood of PTB, respectively. Vitamin D levels were also lower in PTNs, although it was not statistically significant. Genotypes BsmI/TT, ApaI/AA, and FokI/GG, and haplotype GAG (TaqI/G-ApaI/A-FokI/G) were significantly more frequent in PTNs. Those with FokI/ GG genotypes had significantly lower vitamin D levels. Conclusions: VDR variants contribute to variations in vitamin D concentrations and the increased risk of prematurity.

show abstract

“…Recent studies have demonstrated an association between vitamin D deficiency and other conditions, independent from the direct role of vitamin D in calcium and bone metabolism. Vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy has been associated with increased risk of pre-eclampsia [57] and an increased risk of asthma [34] and type 1 diabetes [58] in the offspring of vitamin D deficient mothers, warranting further research to determine possible underlying mechanisms. Ensuring vitamin D adequacy through maternal oral supplementation of vitamin D 3 at a level of 80 µg (3200 IU) per day is safe and would prevent most forms of rickets as well as reducing incidence of some complications of pregnancy that are harmful to the mother and foetus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shedding Light on Vitamin D Status and Its Complexities during Pregnancy, Infancy and Childhood: An Australian Perspective

Marco

Kaufman

Rodda

2019

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ensuring that the entire Australian population is Vitamin D sufficient is challenging, given the wide range of latitudes spanned by the country, its multicultural population and highly urbanised lifestyle of the majority of its population. Specific issues related to the unique aspects of vitamin D metabolism during pregnancy and infancy further complicate how best to develop a universally safe and effective public health policy to ensure vitamin D adequacy for all. Furthermore, as Australia is considered a “sunny country”, it does not yet have a national vitamin D food supplementation policy. Rickets remains very uncommon in Australian infants and children, however it has been recognised for decades that infants of newly arrived immigrants remain particularly at risk. Yet vitamin D deficiency rickets is entirely preventable, with the caveat that when rickets occurs in the absence of preexisting risk factors and/or is poorly responsive to adequate treatment, consideration needs to be given to genetic forms of rickets.

show abstract

Vitamin D, pre‐eclampsia, and preterm birth among pregnancies at high risk for pre‐eclampsia: an analysis of data from a low‐dose aspirin trial

Abstract: Vitamin D is inversely related to risk of pre-eclampsia and preterm birth at <35 weeks in high-risk pregnancies.

Cited by 24 publications

References 46 publications

The Implications of Vitamin D Status During Pregnancy on Mother and her Developing Child

The Implications of Vitamin D Status During Pregnancy on Mother and her Developing Child

Association between vitamin D plasma concentrations and VDR gene variants and the risk of premature birth

Shedding Light on Vitamin D Status and Its Complexities during Pregnancy, Infancy and Childhood: An Australian Perspective

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About