Vitamin D status among adolescents in Kuwait: a cross-sectional study

Al-Taiar, Abdullah; Rahman, Abdur; Al-Sabah, Reem; Shaban, Lemia; Al-Harbi, Anwar

doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-021401

Cited by 49 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…However, adjusting for ferritin level did not fully explain the higher prevalence of anemia among females compared to males, suggesting that there are unmeasured factors (dietary or other factors) such as higher testosterone in males 37 that may also contribute to this difference. It is worth noting that we have previously reported higher prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among females compared to males in the same study group 16 . Vitamin D status (as per acceptable cut-off points) was not associated with anemia neither in univariable nor multivariable analysis (Table 4) but categorizing vitamin D in quartiles was associated with anemia in univariable but not multivariable analysis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

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Anemia and its associated factors among Adolescents in Kuwait

Shaban

Al-Taiar

Rahman

et al. 2020

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We estimated the prevalence of anemia among school children and investigated factors associated with this problem in Kuwait. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 1415 adolescents randomly selected from middle schools in Kuwait. Hemoglobin, iron, ferritin, folate and vitamin B 12 , in addition to many other laboratory indicators, were measured in a venous blood sample. Data on risk factors for anemia were collected from parents and adolescents. Multiple logistic regression was used to investigate factors associated with anemia. The prevalence of anemia was 8.06% (95% CI: 6.69-9.60%), which was significantly higher among females compared to males (10.96% vs. 5.04%; p < 0.001). Mean (SD) Hb level was 133.7 (9.89) g/L and 130.00 (10.48) g/L among males and females, respectively (p < 0.001). The prevalence of mild, moderate and severe anemia was 5.94%, 1.91% and 0.21%, respectively. Gender, age, iron concentration and ferritin were associated with anemia in multivariable analysis. These data indicate that anemia among school children in Kuwait is of mild public health significance. Further reduction in anemia in school girls should focus on correcting iron deficiency. Surveillance systems for anemia may consider using a cutoff point that is specific for the method of blood sampling and the method of Hb measurement. Anemia is characterized by hemoglobin (Hb) concentration being lower than a specific threshold, and thus creating an impairment in meeting the oxygen demands of tissues 1. It is a major public health problem with around 1,620 million people worldwide diagnosed with anemia 2. Generally, a quarter of the world's population is considered anemic but the prevalence of anemia varies considerably between high-income countries (around 9%) and low-income countries (around 43%) 2. Due to physiological reasons, pregnant women, women of childbearing age and young children are particularly vulnerable 3. Anemia has significant implications in terms of mortality 4 , as well as impaired work capacity and economic development 5. Anemia during childhood has been linked to growth delay, high risk of infections, and poor cognitive and motor development, which may lead to loss of work productivity later in life 3,6. In fact, anemia is among the top leading causes of disability-adjusted life years lost among adolescents 7. Anemia can result from decreased erythrocyte production or increased blood loss, either through hemolysis, bleeding or both. These are determined by nutritional, infectious or genetic factors 8. Genetic factors are responsible for hemoglobinopathies, such as sickle cell anemia and thalassemia, while in some settings infectious diseases like malaria, soil-transmitted helminths and schistosomiasis are major contributors to anemia. Nutritional anemia results from insufficient nutrients that are needed during Hb synthesis and erythropoiesis. These particularly include iron deficiency (assumed to be responsible for 50% of all anemias 4), folic acid deficiency, vitamin B 12 deficiency, vitamin A deficiency and p...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

“…Data collection. Study details have been described previously 16 . In brief, an informed consent form, along with self-administered questionnaire with questions on various sociodemographic variables, were sent to the parents.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anemia and its associated factors among Adolescents in Kuwait

Shaban

Al-Taiar

Rahman

et al. 2020

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“…Study participants. This is a cross-sectional study that was conducted in selected public middle schools from the State of Kuwait as previously described 21,22 . Study participants were adolescent in the age range of 11-14 years.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation of circulating ANGPTL5 levels with obesity, high sensitivity C-reactive protein and oxidized low-density lipoprotein in adolescents

Hammad

Abu‐Farha

Al-Taiar

et al. 2020

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Angiopoietin-like proteins (AnGptL) is a family of eight members known to play an important role in metabolic diseases. Of these, ANGPTL5 is suggested to regulate triglyceride metabolism and is increased in obesity and diabetes. However, its role in metabolic diseases in adolescents is not wellstudied. In this study, we tested the hypothesis of a positive association between plasma ANGPTL5, and obesity, high sensitivity c-reactive protein (HscRp) and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) in adolescents. Adolescents (n = 431; age 11-14 years) were randomly selected from middle schools in Kuwait. Obesity was classified by the BMI-forage based on the WHO growth charts. Plasma ANGPTL5, HsCRP, and Ox-LDL were measured using ELISA. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 20.65% and 33.18%, respectively. Mean (SD) plasma ANGPTL5 levels were significantly higher in obese, compared with overweight and normal-weight adolescents (23.05 (8.79) vs 18.39 (7.08) ng/mL, and 18.26 (6.95) ng/ml, respectively). ANGPTL5 was positively associated with both HsCRP (ρ=0.27, p < 0.001) and Ox-LDL (ρ = 0.24, p < 0.001). In Conclusion, ANGPTL5 levels are elevated in obese adolescents and are associated with cardiovascular disease risk factors, HscRp and ox-LDL. the use of ANGPTL5 as a powerful diagnostic and prognostic tool in obesity and metabolic diseases needs to be further evaluated. Childhood obesity has emerged as a major public health problem worldwide. In Arab states in the Gulf region, extremely high prevalence of childhood obesity has been reported 1. On a sample of 13, 000 school children each year, Kuwait Nutritional Surveillance has consistently reported that more than 45% of school children aged 5-19 are either overweight or obese 2. Similarly, a cross-sectional study conducted on 635 public intermediate school children reported that one quarter of the children (25.5%) were overweight and over one third (36.5%) were classified as obese 3. Indoor lifestyle, lack of physical activity and changes in the dietary pattern have been implicated as the underlying causes of childhood obesity in the region. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the worldwide prevalence of obesity nearly tripled between 1975 and 2016 and is expected to double in the next 25 years. This highlights the importance of dealing with this epidemic. Given the widespread prevalence of obesity and its long-term and short-term complications, one approach to the problem is to focus on the key molecular pathways involved in the development of childhood obesity. This would help identify potential biomarkers that might be used to guide preventive and therapeutic interventions.

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“…This is a cross-sectional study on adolescents (10.3–16.1 years) that were previously recruited in a project funded by Kuwait University. The project aimed to study vitamin D status among adolescents in Kuwait and the details of this project have been published previously [12]. In brief, a nationally representative sample of students at public schools was selected through multistage cluster random sampling using probability proportional to size sampling method.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of Acne Vulgaris among Adolescents in Kuwait

AlKhabbaz¹,

Al-Taiar²,

Saeed³

et al. 2019

Med Princ Pract

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Objectives: The prevalence of acne vulgaris (AV) among adolescents in Kuwait has remained mostly unknown. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of AV and its predictors among adolescents in Kuwait. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 714 participants who were randomly selected from public schools using multistage cluster random sampling. The presence or absence of AV, as well as severity of AV, were assessed using the Global Acne Grading Scale. Data on risk factors and potential confounders were collected from the parents through a self-administered questionnaire, and from the adolescents by face-to-face interview. Weight and height were measured in a standardized manner. Results: Of 714 participants, 320 (44.8%; 95% CI 41.1–48.6%) self-reported AV. By clinical examination, AV was found among 479 (67.1%; 95% CI 63.5–70.5%) participants. Factors that were found to be significantly associated with AV in multivariable analysis were age, gender, nationality, and BMI categories. Females compared to males (adjusted prevalence ratio [APR] 1.16 [95% CI 1.05–1.25]; p = 0.006) and overweight or obese adolescents compared to normal weight (APR 1.15 [95% CI 1.02–1.26] and 1.14 [95% CI 1.02–1.23], respectively; p = 0.026) were more likely to have AV. None of the food items studied showed an association with AV in multivariable analysis. Conclusion: The prevalence of self-reported AV seems to be lower than that reported in other settings, while the prevalence of AV by clinical examination resembles that reported in many other countries. BMI was the only modifiable risk factor associated with AV in multivariable analysis, and none of the food items studied was related to the presence or absence of AV in multivariable analysis.

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Vitamin D status among adolescents in Kuwait: a cross-sectional study

Cited by 49 publications

References 49 publications

Anemia and its associated factors among Adolescents in Kuwait

Anemia and its associated factors among Adolescents in Kuwait

Correlation of circulating ANGPTL5 levels with obesity, high sensitivity C-reactive protein and oxidized low-density lipoprotein in adolescents

Predictors of Acne Vulgaris among Adolescents in Kuwait

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