Vitamin D status and its predictive factors in pregnancy in 2 Australian populations

Abstract

Behavioural factors were not as predictive as ethnicity, season and BMI. As most participants had one of the predictive risk factors for suboptimal vitamin D, a case could be made for universal supplementation with a higher dose of vitamin D in pregnancy and continued targeted screening of the women at highest risk of vitamin D deficiency.

Demographic and Lifestyle Factors Associated with Vitamin D Status in Pregnant Japanese Women

“…The contribution ratio of dietary vitamin D intake to circulating 25(OH)D concentrations varies substantially by country because the consumption of fish and seafood, which are major sources of vitamin D, differs throughout the world. According to a study of pregnant women in Australia, vitamin D intake had no effect on serum concentration (14), perhaps because vitamin D production in the skin is the major source of vitamin D compared with the relatively low vitamin D intake in Australia (36). On the other hand, the results of our study showed a significant correlation between dietary intake and serum concentrations, which could be attributed to the relatively high fish consumption and therefore, high vitamin D intake in Japan (37).…”

“…In general, vitamin D status depends on vitamin D intake (vitamin D21D3) and vitamin D3 production in the skin through exposure to sunlight (11). Although vitamin D status was reported to be affected by age, body mass index (BMI), physical activity, and season (12)(13)(14)(15), factors associated with vitamin D status vary with the target population and latitude. Among pregnant Australian women, low serum 25(OH)D concentrations were significantly predicted by non-Caucasian, high BMI, non-use of vitamin D supplements, and winter season (14).…”

“…Although vitamin D status was reported to be affected by age, body mass index (BMI), physical activity, and season (12)(13)(14)(15), factors associated with vitamin D status vary with the target population and latitude. Among pregnant Australian women, low serum 25(OH)D concentrations were significantly predicted by non-Caucasian, high BMI, non-use of vitamin D supplements, and winter season (14). Among non-pregnant Japanese women, young age, low dietary vitamin D intake, low walk counts, and long sedentary activity time correlated with low serum 25(OH)D concentrations (16,17).…”

Vitamin D During Pregnancy and Infancy and Infant Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentration

“…1 Vitamin D status at birth and during early infancy, when breast milk is the predominant source of nutrition, is determined by maternal vitamin D status. 2,3 Contemporary population-and primary care-based studies of pregnant women have shown a high prevalence of serum 25(OH)D ,20 ng/mL in Asia (70%-96%), [4][5][6] Australia (10%-47%), [7][8][9][10] Europe (15%-44%), 11,12 the United Kingdom (49%-75%), [13][14][15] India (74%), 16 and the United States (37%). 17 Although less completely studied at the population level, in primary care-based studies from the United States, serum 25(OH)D ,20 ng/mL is present in 11% to 12% of infants.…”

Concentration of Maternal Serum 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D and Gestational 2 Diabetes Mellitus Risk

“…In this regard, the results of present study showed that a high proportion (83.8%) of mothers recruited from the hospital clinic in Tabriz-Iran had hypovitaminosis D, according to recognized criteria. It has been reported that the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in pregnant women was 40%-100% in Sweden, 12 Australia, 13 Pakistan, India, 14 Japan 15 and China. 16 The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women in Yazd was reported to be 78.4% 17 and in Tehran it was 70.6%.…”