Vitamin D status and weight loss: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized and nonrandomized controlled weight-loss trials

Mallard, Simonette R.; Howe, Anna; Houghton, Lisa A

doi:10.3945/ajcn.116.136879

Cited by 70 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Our findings also indicate that, in the short term, vitamin D 3 supplementation had no additional effect on the magnitude of weight loss compared to placebo, which agrees with previous evidence that vitamin D 3 supplementation does not promote improvements in the degree of obesity [52]. On the other hand, we also observed that weight loss obtained without Vitamin D 3 supplementation did not modify circulating 25(OH)Vit D levels, which agrees with the inference that loss of adipose tissue does not promote the release of 25(OH)Vit D release from fat into the bloodstream [53].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Acute Vitamin D3 Supplementation in Severe Obesity: Evaluation of Multimeric Adiponectin

et al. 2017

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Obesity predisposes to vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and glucose abnormalities. It is currently debated if vitamin D administration may improve glucose homeostasis by interacting with modulators of insulin sensitivity, such as adiponectin and its oligomers. In a 4-week inpatient study on a metabolic rehabilitation program, consisting of individualized caloric restriction and aerobic physical exercise in obese subjects with VDD, we assessed the acute effects of 600,000 IU cholecalciferol given per os VD group, 12 subjects; body mass index (BMI) 42.7 ± 1.3 kg/m2) or placebo per os (PL group, 12 subjects, BMI 39.8 ± 0.9 kg/m2) on high (HWM-A), medium (MMW-A), and low molecular weight adiponectin (LMW-A), as quantified by western immunoblot (WIB) and ELISA. During the 4-week study, dieting promoted a similar magnitude of weight loss in VD and PL groups. Compared to the PL group, cholecalciferol administration increased 25(OH)Vit D levels (p < 0.001) and promoted a significant increase of HMW-A expression analyzed by WIB (p = 0.02). In parallel, a significant decrease of leptin/HMW-A ratio (p < 0.05), a biomarker of metabolic homeostasis, was observed. During the study, changes of MMW-A and LMW-A occurred independently of cholecalciferol administration, and were likely explained by weight loss. At odds with these findings, the ELISA assessment of adiponectin oligomers showed no modifications in the VD group or PL group. Current findings suggest that acute cholecalciferol administration selectively modifies HMW-A and the leptin/HMW-A ratio.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Acute Vitamin D3 Supplementation in Severe Obesity: Evaluation of Multimeric Adiponectin

et al. 2017

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“…However, the percentage of baseline weight loss that is mandatory for a significant effect on vitamin D levels has varied between 5% and >10% [46, 49] and Mallard et al report no clear dose-response as part of a meta-analysis of weight loss vs weight maintenance among vitamin D-supplemented individuals [53]. …”

Section: Diet-induced Weight Loss and Vitamin Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of the interrelation between diet- and surgery-induced weight loss and vitamin D status

et al. 2017

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Obesity is a major global health problem and has been associated with vitamin D deficiency. Intentional weight loss may alter vitamin D status and, conversely, vitamin D supplementation has been hypothesized to aid in weight loss. A systematic literature search in PubMed/Medline identified 3,173 articles of which 37 studies (randomized controlled trials (RCT) (n=17), non-RCTs (n=20)) are summarized as effect of: (I) diet-induced weight loss on vitamin D status (n=7), (II) vitamin D supplementation on diet-induced weight loss (n=11), (III) surgery-induced weight loss on vitamin D status (n=15), and (IV) vitamin D supplementation after surgery-induced weight loss on vitamin D status (n=5). While all studies on the effect of diet-induced weight loss on vitamin D status have consistently reported increased vitamin D levels, the targeted percentage of weight loss that is necessary for an increase has varied between 5% and >10%. N=11 RCTs testing the effect of vitamin D supplementation observe that vitamin D supplementation does not result in increased weight loss, but may affect body fat loss. Vitamin D deficiency and subsequent hyperparathyroidism have been detected in post-surgery patients, and there is evidence that vitamin D supplementation improves these post-surgery complications.. We review the current evidence addressing the role of vitamin D status and supplementation in diet- and surgery induced weight loss. Subsequently, we highlight gaps in current research and suggest directions for future research including differences in vitamin D supplementation dosages, indoor vs. outdoor exercise, and the assessment of vitamin D status in different body pools.

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“…As vitamin D is fat‐soluble it has been suggested that a greater storage in fatty tissue decreases bioavailability in obese individuals . Theoretically, loss of fat mass could increase vitamin D levels in the circulation . Therefore an increase in circulating vitamin D could be a marker of improved metabolic health during lifestyle intervention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14 Theoretically, loss of fat mass could increase vitamin D levels in the circulation. 15,16 Therefore an increase in circulating vitamin D could be a marker of improved metabolic health during lifestyle intervention.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D levels were significantly higher during and after lifestyle intervention in pregnancy: A randomized controlled trial

Tanvig

Jensen

Andersen

et al. 2019

Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand

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Introduction Vitamin D deficiency is common in pregnancy, especially in obese women. Lifestyle intervention could potentially result in higher levels of vitamin D. We therefore aimed to study the effect of lifestyle intervention during pregnancy on serum levels of 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D). Material and methods A total of 360 obese women were randomized before gestational age 14 weeks to lifestyle intervention (diet and exercise) or routine clinical follow up (controls). Clinical outcomes and levels of 25(OH)D were determined three times: At gestational age 12‐15 weeks (baseline), gestational age 28‐30 weeks and 6 months postpartum. Results A total of 304 (84%) women completed the intervention study and 238 (66%) attended postpartum follow up. Vitamin D levels were similar in the two groups at baseline. At gestational age 28‐30 weeks and 6 months postpartum, 25(OH)D levels were significantly higher in the intervention group than in controls (75.6 vs 66.8 nmol/L, P = 0.009) and (54.8 vs 43.1 nmol/L, P = 0.013), respectively. Concurrently, vitamin D deficiency (25‐hydroxyvitamin D <50 nmol/L) was less frequent in the intervention group than in controls: 15 vs 25% (P = 0.038) at gestational age 28‐30 and 45 vs 63% (P = 0.011) 6 months postpartum, respectively. Conclusions Lifestyle intervention during pregnancy was associated with significantly increased vitamin D levels in late pregnancy and postpartum compared with controls.

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Vitamin D status and weight loss: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized and nonrandomized controlled weight-loss trials

Cited by 70 publications

References 51 publications

Acute Vitamin D3 Supplementation in Severe Obesity: Evaluation of Multimeric Adiponectin

Acute Vitamin D3 Supplementation in Severe Obesity: Evaluation of Multimeric Adiponectin

A systematic review of the interrelation between diet- and surgery-induced weight loss and vitamin D status

Vitamin D levels were significantly higher during and after lifestyle intervention in pregnancy: A randomized controlled trial

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