Vitamin D status in a multi-ethnic population of northern Norway: the SAMINOR 2 Clinical Survey

Petrenya, Natalia; Lamberg‐Allardt, Christel; Melhus, Marita; Broderstad, Ann Ragnhild; Brustad, Magritt

doi:10.1017/s1368980018003816

Cited by 35 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Additionally, studies have shown that diet, and especially vitamin D, can affect gingivitis . Both smoking and obesity have been associated with lower levels of vitamin D in a population‐based study in Northern Norway . Finally, the host‐dependent variation in gingivitis susceptibility should be considered.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…50,51 Both smoking and obesity have been associated with lower levels of vitamin D in a population-based study in Northern Norway. 52 Finally, the host-dependent variation in gingivitis susceptibility should be considered. In several studies, a subject-specific gingival inflammatory response has been reported, and "high and low responders" 53 or "fast and slow responders" were identified.…”

Section: F I G U R Ementioning

confidence: 99%

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To what extent does smoking affect gingival bleeding response to supragingival plaque? Site‐specific analyses in a population‐based study

Holde

Jönsson

Oscarson

et al. 2019

J of Periodontal Research

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Background and objective The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of smoking on the site‐specific association between bleeding on gingival probing and supragingival plaque and to assess whether this differs in different regions of the dentition. Methods Data from a representative sample of 1911 adults (20‐79 years old) in Northern Norway were analyzed. Periodontal examinations consisted of full‐mouth recordings of periodontal probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP), and presence of supragingival plaque. Smoking status and background characteristics were self‐reported by questionnaire. The association between plaque and BOP was assessed in several three‐level (subject, tooth, and site) random intercept logistic regression models adjusted for PD, smoking status, socioeconomic factors, and body mass index. In a further model, it was assessed whether the association between supragingival plaque and BOP differed in different parts of the dentition. Results For plaque‐free sites, bleeding tendency was lower in smokers, the odds ratio (OR) was 0.773 with a 95% confidence interval of 0.678‐0.881 as compared to non‐smokers (OR: 1; ref., P < .001). The odds of BOP at plaque‐covered sites in non‐smokers were increased twofold (OR: 2.117; 2.059‐2.177). Albeit bleeding tendency was slightly increased in plaque‐covered sites in smokers, it was considerably lower as compared to plaque‐covered sites in non‐smokers (OR: 1.459; 1.282‐1.662, P < .001). Smoking ≥ 20 pack‐years further attenuated the association. In smokers, the odds of BOP were reduced in all parts of the dentition, lower and upper anterior and posterior teeth (χfalse(4false)2= 32.043, P < .001). When restricting the data to younger adults (20‐34 year old), smoking had only a slight effect on the association between plaque and BOP. For plaque‐free and plaque‐covered sites, differences in ORs were not statistically noticeable (P = .221 and P = .235, respectively). Conclusions Smoking considerably attenuates the site‐specific association between plaque and BOP with a dose‐dependent effect. The effect of smoking did not differ across tooth types.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: F I G U R Ementioning

confidence: 99%

To what extent does smoking affect gingival bleeding response to supragingival plaque? Site‐specific analyses in a population‐based study

Holde

Jönsson

Oscarson

et al. 2019

J of Periodontal Research

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“…This is substantiated by work in the Inuit population of Greenland, where there was a marked increase in vitamin D deficiency alongside a decrease in traditional diet, overall36 and particularly among the younger age groups of the population 37. Similar results have been seen in the far north of Norway,38 where diet rich in vitamin D-containing foods was associated with vitamin D status, but this behaviour was less common among younger participants. While substantiation of this hypothesis would require a systematic longitudinal survey of diet behaviours across the Scandinavian region and across its latitudinal range, this would still seem to be the most plausible interpretation, as we suggested in our previous paper 1…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Latitude continues to be significantly associated with the prevalence of multiple sclerosis: an updated meta-analysis

Simpson

Wang²,

Otáhal

et al. 2019

J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry

107

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ObjectivesPrevious studies have demonstrated a strong latitudinal gradient in multiple sclerosis (MS) prevalence. Herein, we present a meta-analysis of the latitudinal gradient of MS prevalence including studies published since our 2011 review, seeking to assess the latitudinal gradient and whether it has changed since our previous analysis.MethodsStudies published up to December 2018 were located via Embase, Web of Knowledge and PubMed, using standardised search terms; data were extracted from peer-reviewed studies and these studies added to those from our previous analysis. Where age-specific data were available, prevalence estimates were age-/sex-standardised to the 2009 European population. Prevalence estimates were adjusted for study prevalence year and ascertainment methods. The latitudinal association with MS prevalence was assessed by meta-regression.ResultsA total of 94 studies met inclusion criteria, yielding 230 new prevalence points and 880 altogether with those from the prior study. There was a significant positive gradient in time-corrected MS prevalence with increasing latitude (5.27/100 000 per degree latitude), attenuating slightly to 4.34/100 000 on age-standardisation, these associations persisting on adjustment for ascertainment method. Of note, the age-standardised gradient was consistently significantly enhanced from our previous study, regardless of whether it was as-measured, time-corrected or adjusted for ascertainment methods. Certain areas, such as the Scandinavian and Atlantic Coast/Central Europe regions, showed changes in MS prevalence gradient over time, but other regional gradients were similar.ConclusionsThis new meta-analysis confirms that MS prevalence is still strongly positively associated with increasing latitude and that the gradient is increasing, suggesting that potentially modifiable environmental factors, such as sun exposure, are still strongly associated with MS risk.

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“…From other studies, it is known that fish intake is the most influential food source contributor to vitamin D intake [52,53], and there may be a strong correlation between fatty fish intake and 25(OH)D levels [54]. A recent cross-sectional Norwegian study revealed that for a median vitamin D intake of 10.3 µg, the mean 25(OH)D level was 64.0 nmol/L, while the prevalence of deficiency (defined as 25(OH)D < 50 nmol/L) was only 24.7%; in such a situation, a low vitamin D deficiency prevalence was observed, even in winter [55]. This suggests that with an adequate vitamin D intake (at least 10 µg/day) it is possible to achieve an adequate 25(OH)D level, maybe even in seasons with limited sunshine exposure such as the autumn and winter seasons in Poland.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salmon Intake Intervention in the Vulnerable Group of Young Polish Women to Maintain Vitamin D Status during the Autumn Season

Utri¹,

Głąbska²

2020

Sustainability

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Fish products are the main dietary source of vitamin D, but due to a low fish intake in the majority of European countries, an inadequate vitamin D intake is common, especially in the vulnerable group of young women for whom it is essential for the osteoporosis prevention. The aim of the presented study was to assess the possibility of applying salmon intake intervention for maintaining vitamin D status in young Polish women during the autumn season, in which in Poland there is not enough sunshine exposure to generate skin synthesis. The dietary intervention within VISA Study (Vitamin D In Salmon) comprised eight weeks of daily consumption of 50 g of Atlantic salmon and was conducted in a group of 47 women aged 20–30 years. Within the study, their changes of total serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels were analyzed and the effectiveness of the intervention depending on age, body mass index (BMI), and baseline 25(OH)D were assessed. Until the 4th week, 25(OH)D in the studied group decreased from 57.1 nmol/L to 39.9 nmol/L (p < 0.0001), but afterward it increased until the 8th week to 54.1 nmol/L (p = 0.0005), contributing to results not differing from the baseline (p = 0.7964). At the same time, the share of respondents characterized by an inadequate vitamin D status increased until the 4th week, but afterward, it decreased until the 8th week (p = 0.0002). Neither the age (in the assessed range), nor the BMI influenced 25(OH)D during the study, but only the baseline 25(OH)D was correlated with the BMI (p = 0.0419; R = −0.2980). The baseline 25(OH)D was associated with its levels during the intervention, as well as with 25(OH)D change from the baseline values (p < 0.0001). It may be concluded that, in spite of the initial decline of the 25(OH)D observed (probably connected to the starting time of the study), afterward the salmon intake intervention contributed to its increase, while the baseline 25(OH)D status was an important determinant of the intervention effectiveness during the autumn season.

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Vitamin D status in a multi-ethnic population of northern Norway: the SAMINOR 2 Clinical Survey

Cited by 35 publications

References 55 publications

To what extent does smoking affect gingival bleeding response to supragingival plaque? Site‐specific analyses in a population‐based study

To what extent does smoking affect gingival bleeding response to supragingival plaque? Site‐specific analyses in a population‐based study

Latitude continues to be significantly associated with the prevalence of multiple sclerosis: an updated meta-analysis

Salmon Intake Intervention in the Vulnerable Group of Young Polish Women to Maintain Vitamin D Status during the Autumn Season

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