Vitamin D status of mothers and their neonates in Kuwait

Badawi, Mona Al; Hammoud, Majeda S.; Molla, Ayesha; Shukkur, Mumtaz; Thalib, Lukman; Eliwa, Mahmoud S.

doi:10.1111/j.1442-200x.2005.02141.x

Cited by 78 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The total percentage with 25OHD status ,50 mol/l was 46?2 % (72?1 % in females and 18?3 % in males). Vitamin D deficiency has been shown to be common in high-school students and, similarly with our findings, was about four times common in female than males (19) . For religious reasons, it is usual for females at puberty to cover most of their body with traditional black veiling, leaving the face and hands (which are also sometimes covered).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Differences in vitamin D status and calcium metabolism in Saudi Arabian boys and girls aged 6 to 18 years: effects of age, gender, extent of veiling and physical activity with concomitant implications for bone health

Al-Ghamdi

Lanham-New

Kahn

2012

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: Few data exist looking at vitamin D status and bone health in schoolaged boys and girls from Saudi Arabia. The present study aimed to determine the extent of poor vitamin D status in school boys and girls aged 6-18 years and to examine if there was any difference in status with age, physical activity and veiling and concomitant effects on bone. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Subjects: A total of 150 boys (7-16 years) and 150 girls (6-18 years) from local schools were divided into age categories: 6-9 years (elementary school); 10-12 years (secondary school); 13-14 years (middle years); 15-18 years (high school). Results: Vitamin D status was significantly lower in girls than boys in all age groups (P , 0?01), with the 15-18-year-old girls having the lowest level (22?0 (SD 9?4) nmol/l) in comparison to the 15-18-year-old boys (39?3 (SD 14?0) nmol/l) and the 6-9-year-old girls (41?2 (SD 9?3) nmol/l). Parathyroid hormone status was highest in the 15-18-year-old girls in comparison to boys of the same age. A total of 64 % of 15-18-year-old girls had 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) status ,25 nmol/l in comparison to 31 % in the 13-14 years age category, 26 % in the 10-12 years category and 2?5 % in the 6-9 years category. No boys had 25OHD status ,25 nmol/l. Fully veiled girls had lower 25OHD status than partly veiled or unveiled girls (P , 0?05). Low 25OHD and high parathyroid hormone was associated with lower bone mass in the 6-9 years and 13-14 years age groups (P , 0?05). Conclusions: These data suggest significant hypovitaminosis D in older adolescent females, which is a cause for concern given that there is currently no public health policy for vitamin D in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Differences in vitamin D status and calcium metabolism in Saudi Arabian boys and girls aged 6 to 18 years: effects of age, gender, extent of veiling and physical activity with concomitant implications for bone health

Al-Ghamdi

Lanham-New

Kahn

2012

Public Health Nutr.

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“…For example, serum 25 (OH)D levels were low in mothers (34 nmol/l) and neonates (20 nmol/l) in Kuwait, where many women wear traditional clothing that reduces solar exposure [44]. Despite being higher than expected (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Wearing clothing that reduces solar exposure causes lower serum 25(OH)D levels [44]. For example, serum 25 (OH)D levels were low in mothers (34 nmol/l) and neonates (20 nmol/l) in Kuwait, where many women wear traditional clothing that reduces solar exposure [44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between ultraviolet B irradiance, vitamin D status and incidence rates of type 1 diabetes in 51 regions worldwide

et al. 2008

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Aims/hypothesis This study is an analysis of the relationship between ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiance, the primary source of circulating vitamin D in humans, and age-standardised incidence rates of type 1 diabetes mellitus in children, according to region of the world. Methods The association of UVB irradiance adjusted for cloud cover to incidence rates of type 1 diabetes in children aged <14 years during 1990-1994 in 51 regions worldwide was assessed using multiple regression. Incidence data were obtained from the Diabetes Mondial Project Group. Results Incidence rates were generally higher at higher latitudes (R 2 = 0.25, p <0.001). According to multiple regression, UVB irradiance adjusted for cloud cover was inversely associated with incidence rates (p<0.05), while per capita health expenditure (p<0.004) was positively associated (overall R 2 =0.42, p<0.0001). Conclusions/interpretation An association was found between low UVB irradiance and high incidence rates of type 1 childhood diabetes after controlling for per capita health expenditure. Incidence rates of type 1 diabetes approached zero in regions worldwide with high UVB irradiance, adding new support to the concept of a role of vitamin D in reducing the risk of the disease.

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“…Studies from Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, United Arab Emirates, and Iran reveal that 10-60% of mothers and 40-80% of their neonates had undetectable low vitamin D levels (0-25 nmol/L) at delivery [112][113][114][115]. Neonatal outcomes were not detailed in most studies.…”

Section: Middle East and Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

Global vitamin D status and determinants of hypovitaminosis D

Wahl²,

et al. 2009

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Vitamin D status of mothers and their neonates in Kuwait

Abstract: Results demonstrate that 40% of the mothers and 60% of the neonates are vitamin D deficient on the day of delivery. The vitamin D of the mothers and neonates are highly correlated (r = 0.790, P < 0.001).

Cited by 78 publications

References 22 publications

Differences in vitamin D status and calcium metabolism in Saudi Arabian boys and girls aged 6 to 18 years: effects of age, gender, extent of veiling and physical activity with concomitant implications for bone health

Differences in vitamin D status and calcium metabolism in Saudi Arabian boys and girls aged 6 to 18 years: effects of age, gender, extent of veiling and physical activity with concomitant implications for bone health

The association between ultraviolet B irradiance, vitamin D status and incidence rates of type 1 diabetes in 51 regions worldwide

Global vitamin D status and determinants of hypovitaminosis D

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