Vitamin D<sub>3</sub>Supplementation at 4000 International Units Per Day for One Year Results in a Decrease of Positive Cores at Repeat Biopsy in Subjects with Low-Risk Prostate Cancer under Active Surveillance

Marshall, David T.; Savage, Stephen J.; Garrett‐Mayer, Elizabeth; Keane, Thomas E.; Hollis, Bruce W.; Horst, Ronald L.; Ambrose, Linda; Kindy, Mark S.; Gattoni‐Celli, Sebastiano

doi:10.1210/jc.2012-1451

Cited by 111 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Administering 0.5 mg/kg vitamin D 3 once a week to PC patients whose prostate-specific antigen (PSA) increased after surgery and/or irradiation is well tolerated, however none of the patients reach a 50% reduction of the PSA levels, but some patients demonstrate decreased PSA levels and increased PSA doubling times (Beer et al 2003). Similar results were obtained in PC studies where patients were treated with the vitamin D 3 analog paricalcitol (Schwartz et al 2005), a 19-nor analog of 1,25(OH) 2 D 2 (Woo et al 2005) or 4000 IU/day vitamin D (Marshall et al 2012).…”

Section: Clinical Trialssupporting

confidence: 52%

Antineoplastic effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 and its analogs in breast, prostate and colorectal cancer

Leyssens¹,

Verlinden²,

Verstuyf³

2013

Endocrine-Related Cancer

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The active form of vitamin D 3 , 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 (1,25(OH) 2 D 3 ), is mostly known for its importance in the maintenance of calcium and phosphate homeostasis. However, next to its classical effects on bone, kidney and intestine, 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 also exerts antineoplastic effects on various types of cancer. The use of 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 itself as treatment against neoplasia is hampered by its calcemic side effects. Therefore, 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 -derived analogs were developed that are characterized by lower calcemic side effects and stronger antineoplastic effects. This review mainly focuses on the role of 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 in breast, prostate and colorectal cancer (CRC) and the underlying signaling pathways. 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 and its analogs inhibit proliferation, angiogenesis, migration/invasion and induce differentiation and apoptosis in malignant cell lines. Moreover, prostaglandin synthesis and Wnt/b-catenin signaling are also influenced by 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 and its analogs. Human studies indicate an inverse association between serum 25(OH)D 3 values and the incidence of certain cancer types. Given the literature, it appears that the epidemiological link between vitamin D 3 and cancer is the strongest for CRC, however more intervention studies and randomized placebo-controlled trials are needed to unravel the beneficial dose of 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 and its analogs to induce antineoplastic effects.

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Section: Clinical Trialssupporting

confidence: 52%

Antineoplastic effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 and its analogs in breast, prostate and colorectal cancer

Leyssens¹,

Verlinden²,

Verstuyf³

2013

Endocrine-Related Cancer

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“…Glendenning et al, and Holick et al, used VD in a daily dose 1000 IU in their studies while [37] and [38] used VD in a daily dose 4000 IU.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does vitamin D have protective effect on human nasal polyposis: histological and immunohistochemical study

Faruk¹,

Yousef²,

Mohamed³

2014

J Histol Histopathol

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Background: Nasal polyps (NPs) are benign pedicled mucosal protrusions into the nasal cavity of multifactorial origin. Vitamin D has been demonstrated as having potential immunomodulatory activity and act as an antiproliferative agents. Aim of the work: To determine the possible antiproliferative effect and immunomodulatory activity of VD on human nasal polyposis. Material and methods: Based on thirty patients and divided equally into 3 groups. Group Ι (healthy subjects). Group ΙΙ were received low daily oral dose of VD(1000 IU) for 4 weeks. Group ΙΙΙ were received high daily oral dose of VD(4000 IU) for 4 weeks.Each group ΙΙ and ΙΙΙ divided into 2 subgroups; group b: patients with NP before taking VD and group a: patients with NP after taking. Nasal biopsies were obtained of all groups for histological examination and immunohistochemical detection of Toll-like receptors 9 expression. Results: patients of nasal polyps before VD taking (groups IIb and IIIb) presented with symptoms of Visual Analogue Scale, VAS score (facial pain, headache, nasal blockage, nasal discharge, post-nasal drip and olfactory disturbance) and endoscopic appearance of Lund and Mackey score (polypi, edema and discharge), damage of respiratory epithelium, extensive accumulation of collagen fibers in lamina propria and highly expressed TLR-9. The high dose VD group (IIIa) showed near normal respiratory epithelium, significant decrease (P<0.05) in all symptoms of VAS score, endoscopic appearance of Lund and Mackey score. The mean area % of submucosal accumulation of collagen fibers and TLR-9 expression were also significant decreased but decrease was insignificant (P<0.05) in the low dose VD group (IIa). Conclusion: VD participate significantly in protection against human nasal polyposis when used by high therapeutic dose, by reducing the size of nasal polyps, relieving the symptoms and signs of nasal polyposis.

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“…4 A vitamin D trial in which men with low grade prostate cancer were given 4,000 IU/d vitamin D 3 for a year found "24 of 44 subjects (55%) showed a decrease in the number of positive cores or decrease in Gleason score; five subjects (11%) showed no change; 15 subjects (34%) showed an increase in the number of positive cores or Gleason score." 5 In comparison with historical control, there was a significant difference in the number of positive cores (decreased by about one in the trial vs. increased by about one in the controls). Lower 25(OH)D concentrations have been found more strongly correlated with aggressive prostate cancer than non-aggressive cancer, 6 which supports the finding in Ref.…”

mentioning

confidence: 88%

Low ultraviolet-B exposure may explain some of the link between night shift work and increased risk of prostate cancer

Grant

2015

Int. J. Cancer

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The paper by Papantoniou et al. reported that night shift work was associated with prostate cancer risk, with higher odds ratios for longer duration of exposure and for higher risk tumors.1 The primary mechanisms proposed to explain the finding were lower production of melatonin and circadian rhythm disruption. The authors reported lower sun exposure and vitamin D deficiency did not explain the findings. However, their analysis of the role of vitamin D in explaining the associations was based on past sun exposure, which is a poor index of vitamin D production since vitamin D cannot be produced from sun exposure in Spain for the darkest four-to-six months of the year or in early morning or late afternoon. 3 A study based on data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey I Epidemiologic Follow-up Study found significant inverse associations "for men born in a region of high solar radiation (relative risk, 0.49, 95% confidence interval, 0.27-0.90 for high versus low solar radiation), with a slightly greater reduction for fatal than for nonfatal prostate cancer. Frequent recreational sun exposure in adulthood was associated with a significantly reduced risk of fatal prostate cancer only (relative risk, 0.47; 95% confidence interval, 0.23-0.99)." 4 A vitamin D trial in which men with low grade prostate cancer were given 4,000 IU/d vitamin D 3 for a year found "24 of 44 subjects (55%) showed a decrease in the number of positive cores or decrease in Gleason score; five subjects (11%) showed no change; 15 subjects (34%) showed an increase in the number of positive cores or Gleason score."5 In comparison with historical control, there was a significant difference in the number of positive cores (decreased by about one in the trial vs. increased by about one in the controls). Lower 25(OH)D concentrations have been found more strongly correlated with aggressive prostate cancer than non-aggressive cancer, 6 which supports the finding in Ref. 1 that risk from night shift work was higher for high risk tumors.A study of night work by males in Canada found an increased risk of many types of cancer including prostate cancer. 7 In a letter to the editor, it was pointed out that most of the cancers with increased risk have been found to have risk inversely correlated with solar UVB doses in several ecological studies. 8 In further support, it was noted that among nurses in the United States, night shift work was associated with reduced risk of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer, and that solar ultraviolet exposure is the greatest risk factor for these cancers. Thus, night shift workers should be advised that they should keep their 25(OH)D concentrations above 75-100 nmol/L through whatever combination of solar or artificial UVB exposure, diet and supplements works best for them. Doing so would also help them reduce risk of many other types of disease.

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Vitamin D₃Supplementation at 4000 International Units Per Day for One Year Results in a Decrease of Positive Cores at Repeat Biopsy in Subjects with Low-Risk Prostate Cancer under Active Surveillance

Abstract: Patients with low-risk prostate cancer under active surveillance may benefit from vitamin D(3) supplementation at 4000 IU/d.

Cited by 111 publications

References 35 publications

Antineoplastic effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 and its analogs in breast, prostate and colorectal cancer

Antineoplastic effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 and its analogs in breast, prostate and colorectal cancer

Does vitamin D have protective effect on human nasal polyposis: histological and immunohistochemical study

Low ultraviolet-B exposure may explain some of the link between night shift work and increased risk of prostate cancer

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Vitamin D3Supplementation at 4000 International Units Per Day for One Year Results in a Decrease of Positive Cores at Repeat Biopsy in Subjects with Low-Risk Prostate Cancer under Active Surveillance

Abstract: Patients with low-risk prostate cancer under active surveillance may benefit from vitamin D(3) supplementation at 4000 IU/d.

Cited by 111 publications

References 35 publications

Antineoplastic effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 and its analogs in breast, prostate and colorectal cancer

Antineoplastic effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 and its analogs in breast, prostate and colorectal cancer

Does vitamin D have protective effect on human nasal polyposis: histological and immunohistochemical study

Low ultraviolet-B exposure may explain some of the link between night shift work and increased risk of prostate cancer

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Vitamin D₃Supplementation at 4000 International Units Per Day for One Year Results in a Decrease of Positive Cores at Repeat Biopsy in Subjects with Low-Risk Prostate Cancer under Active Surveillance