Vitamin E in Sarcopenia: Current Evidences on Its Role in Prevention and Treatment

Khor, Shy Cian; Karim, Norwahidah Abdul; Ngah, Wan Zurinah Wan; Yusof, Yasmin Anum Mohd; Makpol, Suzana

doi:10.1155/2014/914853

Cited by 57 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 155 publications

(223 reference statements)

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“…Vitamin E is required for skeletal muscle plasma membrane repair (141,176). However, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of this phenomenon remain to be determined (166).…”

Section: B Exogenousmentioning

confidence: 99%

Redox Control of Skeletal Muscle Regeneration

Moal

Pialoux

Juban

et al. 2017

Antioxidants & Redox Signaling

152

120

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Skeletal muscle shows high plasticity in response to external demand. Moreover, adult skeletal muscle is capable of complete regeneration after injury, due to the properties of muscle stem cells (MuSCs), the satellite cells, which follow a tightly regulated myogenic program to generate both new myofibers and new MuSCs for further needs. Although reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) have long been associated with skeletal muscle physiology, their implication in the cell and molecular processes at work during muscle regeneration is more recent. This review focuses on redox regulation during skeletal muscle regeneration. An overview of the basics of ROS/RNS and antioxidant chemistry and biology occurring in skeletal muscle is first provided. Then, the comprehensive knowledge on redox regulation of MuSCs and their surrounding cell partners (macrophages, endothelial cells) during skeletal muscle regeneration is presented in normal muscle and in specific physiological (exercise-induced muscle damage, aging) and pathological (muscular dystrophies) contexts. Recent advances in the comprehension of these processes has led to the development of therapeutic assays using antioxidant supplementation, which result in inconsistent efficiency, underlying the need for new tools that are aimed at precisely deciphering and targeting ROS networks. This review should provide an overall insight of the redox regulation of skeletal muscle regeneration while highlighting the limits of the use of nonspecific antioxidants to improve muscle function. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 27, 276-310.

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“…Vitamin E is required for skeletal muscle plasma membrane repair (141,176). However, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of this phenomenon remain to be determined (166).…”

Section: B Exogenousmentioning

confidence: 99%

Redox Control of Skeletal Muscle Regeneration

Moal

Pialoux

Juban

et al. 2017

Antioxidants & Redox Signaling

152

120

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“…A deficiency of other micronutrients with antioxidant properties, such as carotenoids, selenium, and vitamin E, has also been negatively associated with sarcopenia (i.e. loss of muscle mass and function with age), frailty, and disability . A decreased blood value of selenium has been associated with low skeletal muscle mass and strength …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…loss of muscle mass and function with age), frailty, and disability. 15,23,24 A decreased blood value of selenium has been associated with low skeletal muscle mass and strength. 25,26 While association studies suggest that deficiencies in micronutrients with antioxidant properties play a role in frailty and sarcopenia, a causal relationship is less well studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced dietary intake of micronutrients with antioxidant properties negatively impacts muscle health in aged mice

Dijk

Hartog

et al. 2017

J cachexia sarcopenia muscle

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BackgroundInadequate intake of micronutrients with antioxidant properties is common among older adults and has been associated with higher risk of frailty, adverse functional outcome, and impaired muscle health. However, a causal relationship is less well known. The aim was to determine in old mice the impact of reduced dietary intake of vitamins A/E/B6/B12/folate, selenium, and zinc on muscle mass, oxidative capacity, strength, and physical activity (PA) over time.MethodsTwenty‐one‐month‐old male mice were fed either AIN‐93‐M (control) or a diet low in micronutrients with antioxidant properties (=LOWOX‐B: 50% of mouse recommended daily intake of vitamins A, E, B6, and B12, folate, selenium, and zinc) for 4 months. Muscle mass, grip strength, physical activity (PA), and general oxidative status were assessed. Moreover, muscle fatigue was measured of m. extensor digitorum longus (EDL) during an ex vivo moderate exercise protocol. Effects on oxidative capacity [succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity], muscle fibre type, number, and fibre cross‐sectional area (fCSA) were assessed on m. plantaris (PL) using histochemistry.ResultsAfter 2 months on the diet, bodyweight of LOWOX‐B mice was lower compared with control (P < 0.0001), mainly due to lower fat mass (P < 0.0001), without significant differences in food intake. After 4 months, oxidative status of LOWOX‐B mice was lower, demonstrated by decreased vitamin E plasma levels (P < 0.05) and increased liver malondialdehyde levels (P = 0.018). PA was lower in LOWOX‐B mice (P < 0.001 vs. control). Muscle mass was not affected, although PL‐fCSA was decreased (~16%; P = 0.028 vs. control). SDH activity and muscle fibre type distribution remained unaffected. In LOWOX‐B mice, EDL force production was decreased by 49.7% at lower stimulation frequencies (P = 0.038), and fatigue resistance was diminished (P = 0.023) compared with control.ConclusionsReduced dietary intake of vitamins A, E, B6, and B12, folate, selenium, and zinc resulted in a lower oxidative capacity and has major impact on muscle health as shown by decreased force production and PA, without effects on muscle mass. The reduced fCSA in combination with similar SDH activity per fibre might explain the reduced oxidative capacity resulting in the increased fatigue after exercise in LOWOX‐B mice.

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“…It is the most important natural antioxidant, scavenging ROS and boosting cellular antioxidative capacity to reduce oxidative damage. 37 Radiation-induced oxygen free radicals have been implicated as mediators of radiation-induced mucosal cell injury. 38,39 We found 3 clinical trials using α-tocopherol or vitamin E alone and another 6 trials using a combination of β-carotene, ascorbic acid, selenium, and CoQ10.…”

Section: Tocopherol (Vitamin E)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy and Interaction of Antioxidant Supplements as Adjuvant Therapy in Cancer Treatment

2015

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Oxidative stress is a key component in carcinogenesis. Although radiation produces reactive oxygen species, some anticancer agents such as alkylating agents, platinum and antitumor antibiotics exert cytotoxicity by generating free radicals. Nonenzymatic exogenous antioxidants such as vitamins, minerals, and polyphenols can quench ROS activity. However, whether antioxidants alter antitumor effects during radiotherapy and some types of chemotherapy remains unclear. In the present study, we reviewed antioxidants as an adjuvant therapy for cancer patients during chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Electronic literature searches were performed to select all randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) in which antioxidants were administered to cancer patients along with chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Articles or abstracts written in English were included. In total, 399 reports received primary screening. Duplicated articles and those meeting the exclusion criteria (not RCT, not human, and no oral administration) were excluded. Finally, 49 reports matching the inclusion criteria were included. It was difficult to determine whether antioxidants affect treatment outcomes or whether antioxidants ameliorate adverse effects induced by chemotherapy and radiotherapy. It is desirable to use an evidence-based method to select supplements best suited to cancer patients. Although there are many opinions about risks or benefits of antioxidant supplementation, we could mostly conclude that the harm caused by antioxidant supplementation remains unclear for patients during cancer therapy, except for smokers undergoing radiotherapy.

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Vitamin E in Sarcopenia: Current Evidences on Its Role in Prevention and Treatment

Cited by 57 publications

References 155 publications

Redox Control of Skeletal Muscle Regeneration

Redox Control of Skeletal Muscle Regeneration

Reduced dietary intake of micronutrients with antioxidant properties negatively impacts muscle health in aged mice

Efficacy and Interaction of Antioxidant Supplements as Adjuvant Therapy in Cancer Treatment

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