Vitamin P

Dihedral angle study in Hesperidin using NMR Spectroscopy

“…It is also active against an anti‐hypercholesterolemia, anti‐inflammatory, analgesic, and fertility . Historical observation shows that mixture of Eriodictyol and Hesperidin is necessary for the formation of Vitamin‐C in citrus fruits and recognized as Vitamin P …”

Do Certain Flavonoid IMPS Have a Vital Function?

“…However, in other cases, the initial observations of activity of citrin and other flavonoid fractions could be repeated ( 13 ). Although the difficulty to repeat the original work may have been for a variety of reasons, one major problem was that the preparations used by Szent-Györgyi et al were not consistent in composition ( 46 , 47 , 49 – 51 ). From today's perspective, these reported reproducibility issues could be interpreted as a form of (chemical) residual complexity.…”

“…Lavollay demonstrated that injection of pure, synthetic VitC caused elevation of capillary resistance in non-scorbutic guinea pigs (2 mg per 400 g animal), whereas injection of the flavanone, epicatechin (1 μg), was 10,000–20,000 times more effective than VitC. Others also have not detected any increase in capillary resistance following administration of VitC alone to apparently healthy persons on inadequate diets or to persons with scurvy ( 45 , 49 , 52 , 53 ). Interestingly, a very recent meta-analysis of 17 qualifying clinical trials has associated the flavonoid quercetin with lowered systolic blood pressure as a clinical endpoint, in the absence of lipid and glucose metabolic effects ( 40 ).…”

“…In comparison, the flavonoid fractions of Citrus extracts contained heterosides of quercetin. In some cases, comparative activities were measured, for example, citrus fruit concentrates were reported to have 20 times the activity of hesperidin ( 49 , 51 ). In his publications, Szent-Györgyi concluded that VitP should be a flavanone with exceptional properties owing to its activity vis-à-vis oxidative agents ( 47 ).…”

“…This problem, coupled with the difficulty in attributing a deficiency disease that could clearly be linked to Szent-Györgyi's lemon extracts or to VitP might have led scientists to abandon VitP as a useful hypothesis. Nonetheless, despite the difficulties in understanding the relation of Vitamins C and P, two things have been established: (i) the existence of a distinct biological effect of VitP, i.e., the influence of a series of naturally occurring flavonoids and coumarins ( Figure 1 and Supplementary Material 1 ) on vascular permeability; and (ii) the influence of these natural products on the anti-scurvy VitC effect ( 45 , 49 , 65 ).…”