“…In anuran amphibians, such as Bufo and Xenopus, the acrosome reaction and the sperm binding occur at the vitelline envelope (Yoshizaki and Katagiri, '82;Tian et al, '97a,b;Vo and Hedrick, 2000;Ueda et al, 2002;Barisone et al, 2002;Vo et al, 2003) as in mammals (Bleil and Wassarman,'80;Bleil et al,'88;Wassarman and Litscher,'99). In contrast, the sperm acrosome reaction is induced in the outer region of egg jelly in the newts, Pleurodeles waltlii (Picheral,'77) and Cynops pyrrhogaster (Sasaki et al, 2002).…”