Vitiosangium cumulatum gen. nov., sp. nov. and Vitiosangium subalbum sp. nov., soil myxobacteria, and emended descriptions of the genera Archangium and Angiococcus, and of the family Cystobacteraceae

Abstract

Bacterial strains MCy10943T and MCy10944T were isolated in 2014 from dried Nepalese soil samples collected in 2013 from Phukot, Kalikot, Western Nepal, and Godawari, Lalitpur, Central Nepal. The novel organisms showed typical myxobacterial growth characteristics, which include swarming colony and fruiting body formation on solid surfaces, and a predatory ability to lyse micro-organisms. The strains were aerobic, mesophilic, chemoheterotrophic and showed resistance to various antibiotics. The major cellular fatty acids common to both organisms were C17 : 0 2-OH, iso-C15 : 0, C16 : 1 and iso-C17 : 0. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 72-75 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the strains belong to the family Cystobacteraceae, suborder Cystobacterineae, order Myxococcales. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of both strains showed 97-98 % similarity to Archangium gephyra DSM 2261T andCystobacter violaceus DSM 14727T, and 96.7-97 % to Cystobacter fuscus DSM 2262T and Angiococcus disciformis DSM 52716T. Polyphasic taxonomic characterization suggested that strains MCy10943T and MCy10944T represent two distinct species of a new genus, for which the names Vitiosangium cumulatum gen. nov., sp. nov. and Vitiosangium subalbum sp. nov. are proposed. The type strain of Vitiosangium cumulatum is MCy10943T (=DSM 102952T=NCCB 100600T) while that for Vitiosangium subalbum is MCy10944T (=DSM 102953T=NCCB 100601T). In addition, emended descriptions of the genera Archangium and Angiococcus, and of the family Cystobacteraceaeare provided.

A Highly Polymorphic Receptor Governs Many Distinct Self-Recognition Types within the Myxococcales Order

“…To assess the prevalence of OME in this order, we identified traAB orthologs from a wide variety of natural Myxococcales isolates from in-house and public databases. Currently, the Myxococcales order contains 31 known genera (62 species) (17–19), 23 of which have draft or complete genomic sequences that were usable in this study. Inspection of these genomes from over 100 isolates, combined with 12 traA alleles that we had previously sequenced (5), identified 90 traA genes (89 of which were unique).…”

Myxobacteria Are Able to Prey Broadly upon Clinically-Relevant Pathogens, Exhibiting a Prey Range Which Cannot Be Explained by Phylogeny

“…The phylogenetic relationships of myxobacteria are still not clear at the genus, species and family levels, with several examples of formally assigned names being at odds with 16S phylogenies and other taxonomic markers, necessitating study-specific ‘functional’ phylogenies or reclassification ( Garcia et al, 2010 ; Whitworth, 2015 ; Sharma et al, 2016b ; Awal et al, 2017 ). While 16S rRNA sequencing is generally a robust method for bacterial taxonomy, it is of limited use for classifying closely related strains within the same genus, which benefit from further analysis by complementary methods such as multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) or fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) analysis ( Zhang et al, 2013 ).…”

Identification of a solo acylhomoserine lactone synthase from the myxobacterium Archangium gephyra

“…These included a GNAT family N-acetyltransferase deemed VitI (WP_108069305.1) with 68.12% identity when comparing amino acid sequence data with AgpI ( Fig. 1B) and an annotated autoinducer synthase protein (WP_158502406.1) with 69.52% identity with AgpI amino acid sequence 29 . The absence of genome data for Vitiosangium sp.…”