Vitrification and soluble carbohydrate levels inPetunia leaves as influenced by media gelrite and sucrose concentrations

Zimmerman, Thomas W.; Cobb, B. G.

doi:10.1007/bf00716673

Cited by 48 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The aqueous upper phase containing the sugars was removed, transferred to a test tube, frozen in liquid N,, and lyophilized for at least 24 h. The sugars were derivatized as described by Ferguson et al (1979). Separation of silylated sugars by GC was essentially as described by Zimmerman and Cobb (1989). Plant Physiol.…”

Section: Analyses Of Organic Osmolytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth, Water Relations, and Accumulation of Organic and Inorganic Solutes in Roots of Maize Seedlings during Salt Stress

et al. 1997

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Seedlings of maize (Zea mays L. cv Pioneer 3906), hydroponically grown in the dark, were exposed to NaCl either gradually (salt acclimation) or in one step (salt shock). In the salt-acclimation treatment, root extension was indistinguishable from that of unsalinized controls for at least 6 d at concentrations up to 100 mM NaCI. By contrast, salt shock rapidly inhibited extension, followed by a gradual recovery, so that by 24 h extension rates were the same as for controls, even at 150 mM NaCI. Salt shock caused a rapid decrease in root water and solute potentials for the apical zones, and the estimated turgor potential showed only a small decline; similar but more gradual changes occurred with salt acclimation. The 5-bar decrease in root solute potential with salt shock (150 mM NaCI) during the initial 1 O min of exposure could not be accounted for by dehydration, indicating that substantial osmotic adjustment occurred rapidly. Changes in concentration of inorganic solutes (Na+, K+, and CI-) and organic solutes (proline, sucrose, fructose, and glucose) were measured during salt shock. The contribution of these solutes to changes in root solute potential with salinization was estimated.

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Section: Analyses Of Organic Osmolytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth, Water Relations, and Accumulation of Organic and Inorganic Solutes in Roots of Maize Seedlings during Salt Stress

et al. 1997

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“…It has been widely reported that hyperhydricity of proliferating shoot cultures can be reduced by increasing the concentration of solidifying agents in the plant growth medium (Debergh et al 1981(Debergh et al , 1983Ghashghaie et al 1991;Selby et al 1989;Zimmerman & Cobb 1989). Hyperhydricity of mango somatic embryos can be reversed by increasing the gelling agent concentration of the plant growth medium.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of hyperhydricity of mango somatic embryos

Monsalud

Mathews²,

Litz

et al. 1995

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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Hyperhydricity of immature somatic embryos has been a limiting factor for the development of highly embryogenic suspension cultures of many important mango cultivars. Reversion of hyperhydricity was achieved in two ways: 1) heart-stage somatic embryos (2-3 mm length) were partially dehydrated under controlled conditions at high relative humidity (RH) for 24--48 h and 2) the gelling agent (Gel-Gro) concentration of the plant growth medium was increased from 2.0 to 6.0 g 1 -I. Partially dehydrated immature somatic embryos were normal in appearance. Somatic embryos that were partially dehydrated germinated precociously when cultured on maturation medium. Although abscisic acid (ABA) did not reverse hyperhydricity of primary somatic embryos, ABA did stimulate the reversal of this abnormal pattern of development among secondary embryos. ABA (500 #M) inhibited precocious germination and permitted somatic embryo maturation. Partially dehydrated, immature somatic embryos (4--7 mm long) remained viable for up to 32 days in the absence of maturation medium under high RH.Abbreviations: 2,4-D-2,4-dichlorophenoxyaceticacid; ABA-abscisic acid; BA-6-benzyladenine;RH-relative humidity.

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“…Methods employed to combat hyperhydricity in gelled cultures have included modifi cations to the growth medium, such as increasing carbohydrate levels [ 93 ], modifying the concentration of gelling agents [ 86 ], and adding Bacto-peptone fractions [ 94 ] or agar hydrolysates [ 95 , 96 ]. Although these modifi cations can often alleviate symptoms they can also cause a simultaneous decrease in multiplication rates [ 97 ].…”

Section: The Control Of Hyperhydricitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical and Physiological Aspects of Hyperhydricity in Liquid Culture System

Dewir

Indoliya

Chakrabarty

et al. 2014

Production of Biomass and Bioactive Compounds Using Bioreactor Technology

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Large-scale liquid cultures and automation have proven the potential to resolve manual handling of in vitro cultures at various stages and decreases production cost. However, hyperhydricity is a major problem during in vitro culture of many crops in liquid culture systems. The environment inside culture vessel normally used in plant micropropagation is characterized by high humidity, limited gaseous exchange between the internal atmosphere of the culture vessel and its surrounding environment, and the accumulation of ethylene, conditions that may induce physiological disorders. Hyperhydricity is a disorder of tissue-cultured plants where leaves become translucent and stems swollen, distorted and brittle. Although numerous hypotheses have been put forward to explain hyperhydricity but there is still a lack of knowledge about the nature of signals responsible for hyperhydricity and the metabolic processes which are affected by its development. The concept of stress in relation to hyperhydricity is not completely established. Therefore, it remains diffi cult to assume that hyperhydric tissues are stressed. Previous studies argued that abnormal morphology observed in hyperhydricity could be attributed to changes occurring at cellular level due to the modifi cations of membrane composition or DNA content. In order to understand stress and morphological responses in hyperhydric tissues, in the present article, we are reviewing different biochemical and physiological mechanisms of hyperhydricity in several plant species.

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Vitrification and soluble carbohydrate levels inPetunia leaves as influenced by media gelrite and sucrose concentrations

Cited by 48 publications

References 13 publications

Growth, Water Relations, and Accumulation of Organic and Inorganic Solutes in Roots of Maize Seedlings during Salt Stress

Growth, Water Relations, and Accumulation of Organic and Inorganic Solutes in Roots of Maize Seedlings during Salt Stress

Control of hyperhydricity of mango somatic embryos

Biochemical and Physiological Aspects of Hyperhydricity in Liquid Culture System

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