Vitrified metal finishing wastes

Bingham, Paul A.; Hand, Russell J.; Forder, Susan D.; Lavaysierre, A.

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2005.03.031

Cited by 33 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(185 reference statements)

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“…Fitted values of Center Shift (CS) and Quadrupole Splitting (QS), shown in Table 1 and Table 2, are similar to published values for other iron phosphate glasses [6], [7], [9], [10], [12], [13], [15], [17], [18], [20], [31] and [32] and are consistent with the conclusion that both Fe 2+ and Fe 3+ predominantly occupy a range of distorted octahedral sites in all of the modified iron phosphate glasses studied here. Sites with lower coordination numbers may also be present; however, the Mössbauer results indicate that their abundance is relatively low.…”

Section: Fe Mössbauer Spectroscopysupporting

confidence: 76%

“…Extracted center shift (CS), quadrupole splitting (QS) and line width (LW) parameters are weighted averages based on doublet areas. Multiple Lorentzian doublets have been widely used to fit Mössbauer spectra of iron phosphate glasses [7], [9], [10], [13], [17], [25] and [32]. The redox ratio, Fe 2+ /ΣFe, is based on fitted peak areas, corrected for the recoil-free fraction ratio f(Fe…”

Section: Li10s Li20smentioning

confidence: 99%

“…) ≈ 1.30 in phosphate glasses at room temperature, as we have discussed previously [7] and [9]. X-ray diffraction (XRD) has been carried out using a Philips PW1730/10 goniometer with CuKα radiation.…”

Section: Li10s Li20smentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of modifier additions on the thermal properties, chemical durability, oxidation state and structure of iron phosphate glasses

Bingham

Hand

Hannant

et al. 2009

Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids

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173

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Modified iron phosphate glasses have been prepared with nominal molar compositions [(1−x)·(0.6P2O5-0.4Fe2O3)]·xRySO4, where x = 0-0.5 in increments of 0.1 and R = Li, Na, K, Mg, Ca, Ba, or Pb and y = 1 or 2. In most cases the vast majority or all of the sulfate volatalizes and quarternary P2O5-Fe2O3-FeO-RyOz glasses or partially crystalline materials are formed. Here we have characterized the structure, thermal properties, chemical durability and redox state of these materials. Raman spectroscopy indicates that increasing modifier oxide additions result in depolymerization of the phosphate network such that the average value of i, the number of bridging oxygens per -(PO4)-tetrahedron, and expressed as Q i , decreases. Differences have been observed between the structural effects of different modifier types but these are secondary to the amount of modifier added. Alkali additions have little effect on density; slightly increasing Tg and Td; increasing α and Tliq; and promoting bulk crystallization at temperatures of 600-700 °C.Additions of divalent cations increase density, α, Tg, Td, Tliq and promote bulk crystallization at temperatures of 700-800 °C. Overall the addition of divalent cations has a less deleterious effect on glass stability than alkali additions.57 FeMössbauer spectroscopy confirms that iron is present as Fe 2+ and Fe 3+ ions which primarily occupy distorted octahedral sites. This is consistent with accepted structural models for iron phosphate glasses. The iron redox ratio, Fe 2+/ΣFe, has a value of 0.13-0.29 for the glasses studied. The base glass exhibits a very low aqueous leach rate when measured by Product Consistency Test B, a standard durability test for nuclear waste glasses. The addition of high quantities of alkali oxide (30-40 mol% R2O) to the base glass increases leach rates, but only to levels comparable with those measured for a commercial soda-lime-silica glass and for a surrogate nuclear waste-loaded borosilicate glass. Divalent cation additions decrease aqueous leach rates and large additions (30-50 mol% RO) provide exceptionally low leach rates that are 2-3 orders of magnitude lower than have been measured for the surrogate waste-loaded borosilicate glass. The P2O5-Fe2O3-FeO-BaO glasses reported here show particular promise as they are ultra-durable, thermally stable, lowmelting glasses with a large glass-forming compositional range.

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Section: Fe Mössbauer Spectroscopysupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Li10s Li20smentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effects of modifier additions on the thermal properties, chemical durability, oxidation state and structure of iron phosphate glasses

Bingham

Hand

Hannant

et al. 2009

Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids

Self Cite

173

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show abstract

“…Based on this, the structure of glasses can believed to be strengthened. The increase in T g is probably due to the fact that the P@O bonds may be replaced by PAOAGd and the modifier Gd 3+ strengthen the cross-linking between phosphate units owing to Gd 3+ exerting the stronger electrostatic field strength Gd 3+ than Ca 2+ [46] so that more work are required to overcome interionic forces to allow the translational motions of ions at the T g . The first crystallization peak (T x1 ) is shifted to higher temperatures with the increase of Gd 2 O 3 , which suggests that the addition of Gd 2 O 3 can suppress the crystallization.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and properties of gadolinium loaded calcium phosphate glasses

Wang

Liang

et al. 2014

Journal of Nuclear Materials

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“…Thermal analysis and kinetic parameters can be studied in different atmospheres using Thermogravimetric Analysis [5][6][7][8] and the evolving products from TG analysis can be monitored by FTIR [9,10]. Moreover, TG-FTIR has been used to investigate biomass pyrolysis [11][12][13][14] and the formation of NOx precursors in thermal degradation [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%