Vitrimer chemistry for 4D printing formulation

One-Pot Preparation of Double-Network Epoxy Vitrimers with High Performance, Recyclability, and Two-Stage Stress Relaxation

“…Nonetheless, they suffer from limitations in heat resistance and long-term dimensional stability. Thanks to the pioneering work of Leibler and co-workers, the emergence of vitrimers bridges the gap between the thermosetting plastics and thermoplastics. − With the introduction of associative exchangeable reactions, vitrimers combine the ability to be reshaped, like a thermoplastic, with the permanent set characteristic of a cross-linked network, holding tremendous promise for a range of advanced material technologies. − Subsequent to the transesterification exchange reactions employed in the preparation of epoxy-based vitrimers, different types of dynamic covalent bonding reactions have been developed for preparing vitrimers. These include transesterification, − transcarbamoylation, , imine chemistry, − vinylogous urethane and urea, − disulfide exchange reaction, − silyl-ether exchange, − olefin metathesis reactions, , boronic ester exchange reactions, − and others. − …”