Hydroxycalciomicrolite, Ca 1.5 Ta 2 O 6 (OH) is a new microlite-group mineral found in the Volta Grande pegmatite, Nazareno, Minas Gerais, Brazil. It occurs as isolated octahedral and as a combination of octahedral and rhombic dodecahedral crystals, up to 1.5 mm in size. The crystals are yellow and translucent, with a white streak and vitreous to resinous lustre. The mineral is brittle, with a Mohs hardness of 5-6. Cleavage is not observed and fracture is conchoidal. The calculated density is 6.176 g cm -3 . Hydroxycalciomicrolite is isotropic, n calc. = 2.010. The infrared and Raman spectra exhibit bands due to O-H stretching vibrations. The chemical composition determined from electron microprobe analysis (n = 13) is (wt.%): Na 2 O 0.36 (8) Hydroxycalciomicrolite is cubic, with unit-cell parameters a = 10.4205(1) Å, V = 1131.53(2) Å 3 and Z = 8. It represents a pyrochlore supergroup, microlite-group mineral exhibiting P4 3 32 symmetry, instead of Fd 3m. The reduction in symmetry is due to long-range ordering of Ca and vacancies on the A sites. This is the first example of such ordering in a natural pyrochlore, although it is known from synthetic compounds. This result is promising because it suggests that other species with P4 3 32 or lower-symmetry space group can be discovered and characterized.