Vizuální nevědomí: vizuální organizace nevizuálního města

Abstract

This article focuses on the organization of space. The practices through which we grasp and conceive space are the paper’s concern. Practices emanating from the visual organization of space are usually so commonplace for seeing people so that these practices are only poorly reflected in seeing people’s understandings of space. This is why we turn to the experience of visually impaired people. Our understanding of this experience is based on interviews with 16 communication partners from Prague and Brno in 2014 and 2015. We use the poststructuralist approach of philosopher Gilles Deleuze, psychoanalyst Félix Guattari and geographer Marcus Doel to interpret the interviews and we show that visual impairment is not about non-seeing, but about becoming seeing differently – via the non-visual percept. Yet, such practices of seeing space differently are still shaped by the modern collective optical unconscious. Doel asserts that this unconscious has been structured by the medium of film, among others, and the film technique of montage. This has made the optical unconscious obscene. Montage unbound time and space from their firm coordinates and enabled seeing beyond screened frames. This strengthened the incorporeality of spatial experience. Visually impaired people’s practices of seeing and dealing with the optical unconscious accentuate the corporeality of sight again, however. Their practices fuse the seeing via non-visual percept and the optical unconscious into new configurations, demonstrating that no way of seeing can be incorporeal.

Revising modern divisions between blindness and sightedness: Doing knowledge in blind assemblages

“…Thus, people with visual disability can see in certain situations. They create different connections related to the concept of seeing and its derivatives (Osman & Doboš, 2019;Paterson, 2020). Yet, sighted people often hesitate when using the word 'see' in front of a person with visual disability -an occurrence observed and communicated by some of the participants and confirmed by past studies (Kleege, 1999).…”

The 'Assemblages' of Disability: An Affirmative Conception in a Deleuze-Guattarian Perspective

“…Dynamiku i obrysy postižení artikuluji v konceptu asambláže [Deleuze, Guattari 2010] a na ni navázaných konceptů. Ač se Deleuze s Guattarim postižení explicitně nevěnují, k jejich teorii se hlásí mnozí proponenti a proponentky cri tical disability studies [Duff 2010;Fox 2002Fox , 2011Gibson, Carnevale, King 2012;Goodley 2007;Goodley, Roets 2008;Kuppers, Overboe 2009;Overboe 2007;Shil drick 2009Shil drick , 2012; v českém prostředí Osman, Doboš 2019]. Nacházejí v ní jednu z cest k transformaci představy způsobilého těla a subjektu, neboť umožňuje re definovat subjektivitu, tělesnost i zdraví, ke kterým binarita mezi zdravým/zdat ným a postiženým/nezdatným tělem odkazuje, a pojímat díky tomu postižení afirmativně.…”