VNTR polymorphisms of the IL-4 and IL-1RN genes and their relationship with frailty syndrome in Mexican community-dwelling elderly

Abstract

Inflammation is a key event that is closely associated with the pathophysiology of frailty. The relationship of genetic polymorphisms into inflammatory cytokines with frailty remains poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between VNTR polymorphisms of the IL-4 and IL-1RN genes with the risk of frailty. We included a sample of 630 community-dwelling elderly aged 70 and older. Both IL-4 and IL-1RN VNTR polymorphisms were genotyped by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Mean age was 77.7 years (SD = 6.0) and 52.5 % were women. The participants classified as frail were more likely to be older, had lower MMSE score (p < 0.001), and had more disability for IADL (p < 0.001) and ADL (p < 0.001). Genotypic and allelic frequencies for the IL-4 VNTR polymorphism did not show significant differences between study groups (p > 0.05). However, we just observed a significant difference in the allelic frequencies for the A2 allele of the IL-1RN VNTR polymorphism between frail and nonfrail groups (OR 1.84, 95 % CI 1.08-3.12, p = 0.02). In addition, we analyzed the combined effect of the IL-4 and IL-1RN VNTR polymorphisms and their possible association with frailty, where the combined IL-4 (low) -IL-1Ra (high) genotype was identified as a marker of risk to frailty syndrome (OR 7.86, 95 % CI 1.83-33.69, p = 0.006). Our results suggest that both A2 allele and the combined IL-4 (low) -IL-1Ra (high) genotype might be genetic markers of susceptibility to frailty in Mexican elderly.

IL-1RN VNTR, IL-2(-330), and IL-4 VNTR gene polymorphisms in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with sinonasal polyposis

“…IL-4 VNTR gene polymorphisms have also been linked with immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and asthma in the current literature [50,51]. In addition, IL-4 and IL-1RN (VNTR) gene polymorphisms have together been linked to frailty syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus [52,53]. In our research, we found that IL-4 VNTR polymorphisms were significantly associated with nasal polyps in the Turkish population (P = 0.036).…”

Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) variable number of tandem repeat polymorphisms in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: an association study in Turkish population

“…Their associations with alopecia areata [41], coronary artery disease [42], diabetic peripheral neuropathy [43], knee osteoarthritis [44], multiple sclerosis [45], and recurrent aphthous stomatitis [46] have been studied in the Turkish population previously. Additionally, IL-4 and IL-1RA VNTR gene polymorphisms have been found related to type 2 diabetes mellitus and frailty syndrome together [47,48]. The IL-4 coding gene is located within the cytokine gene cluster on chromosome 5q31.1, a chromosomal region identified by linkage analyses containing a susceptibility gene for SCZ [49,50].…”

Investigation of the Relationship Between Behçet’s Disease and Interleukin-4gene (VNTR) Polymorphism

“…P1 aleli, P2 alelinden daha sık; P3 ise az sayıda popülasyonda ve en nadir alel olarak gözlenmektedir. Bu 70bp VNTR polimorfizminin genin ekspresyon seviyesini değiştirdiği ve P1 alelinin P2 aleli ile karşılaştırıldığında IL-4 ekspresyonunu artırdığı gösterilmiştir (10). Daha önce yapılan çalışmalarda IL-4geni (VNTR) polimorfizminin Graves hastalığı, subakut sklerozan panensefalit, osteoartrit, idiyopatik trombositopenik purpura vebirçok kanser türü olmak üzere çeşitli hastalıklarla ilişkisi araştırılmıştır (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16).…”