Vocational Development of Black Inner‐City Students

Work skills for disadvantaged and unprepared youth and adults

“…Because of frustrating experiences with employment, these individuals have unique needs for career development --improved basic skills, occupational skills, and career planning skills such as job search strategies. Nicholas (1978) suggested that the majority of theories of vocational development have few techniques for implementation, and have limited applicability to such groups as Black, low-income, inner-city individuals and other minorities, including poor whites. Schools, by reflecting the aims and values of the majority culture, have failed to meet the needs of culturally different youth, causing them to become alienated, disadvantaged, and deprived.…”