Voice over IP: Speech Transmission over Packet Networks

Skoglund, Jan; Kozica, Ermin; Linden, J.; Hagen, R.; Kleijn, W. Bastiaan

doi:10.1007/978-3-540-49127-9_15

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Extending data down to 50Hz improves the quality of lower frequencies, impacting naturalness, presence and comfort in conversations. The quality factors above 3.4kHz will again yield a fuller and more natural sounding voice, with improvements in intelligibility of fricatives in particular (Skoglund et al, 2008). Ideally a single-ended quality measure designed for wideband speech would be applied to this data, but to date no such measure has been standardised.…”

Section: Evaluation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Speaker verification in score-ageing-quality classification space

Kelly

Drygajlo

Harte

2013

Computer Speech & Language

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Section: Evaluation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Speaker verification in score-ageing-quality classification space

Kelly

Drygajlo

Harte

2013

Computer Speech & Language

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“…Every conversation can be disturbed when data packets arrive late to the receiver [28]. A jitter buffer is a part of the software solution for this problem.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Packet loss of speech data may have a significant impact on speech audio quality [ 27 ]. The network transmission of voice data packets depends on the Internet infrastructure and transmission capacity, both of which may vary across companies and countries [ 28 ]. The transmission capacity may be reduced when Internet lines are overcharged.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Speech Perception Benefits of Internet Versus Conventional Telephony for Hearing-Impaired Individuals

Mantokoudis

Dubach²,

Pfiffner³

et al. 2012

J Med Internet Res

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BackgroundTelephone communication is a challenge for many hearing-impaired individuals. One important technical reason for this difficulty is the restricted frequency range (0.3–3.4 kHz) of conventional landline telephones. Internet telephony (voice over Internet protocol [VoIP]) is transmitted with a larger frequency range (0.1–8 kHz) and therefore includes more frequencies relevant to speech perception. According to a recently published, laboratory-based study, the theoretical advantage of ideal VoIP conditions over conventional telephone quality has translated into improved speech perception by hearing-impaired individuals. However, the speech perception benefits of nonideal VoIP network conditions, which may occur in daily life, have not been explored. VoIP use cannot be recommended to hearing-impaired individuals before its potential under more realistic conditions has been examined.ObjectiveTo compare realistic VoIP network conditions, under which digital data packets may be lost, with ideal conventional telephone quality with respect to their impact on speech perception by hearing-impaired individuals.MethodsWe assessed speech perception using standardized test material presented under simulated VoIP conditions with increasing digital data packet loss (from 0% to 20%) and compared with simulated ideal conventional telephone quality. We monaurally tested 10 adult users of cochlear implants, 10 adult users of hearing aids, and 10 normal-hearing adults in the free sound field, both in quiet and with background noise.ResultsAcross all participant groups, mean speech perception scores using VoIP with 0%, 5%, and 10% packet loss were 15.2% (range 0%–53%), 10.6% (4%–46%), and 8.8% (7%–33%) higher, respectively, than with ideal conventional telephone quality. Speech perception did not differ between VoIP with 20% packet loss and conventional telephone quality. The maximum benefits were observed under ideal VoIP conditions without packet loss and were 36% (P = .001) for cochlear implant users, 18% (P = .002) for hearing aid users, and 53% (P = .001) for normal-hearing adults. With a packet loss of 10%, the maximum benefits were 30% (P = .002) for cochlear implant users, 6% (P = .38) for hearing aid users, and 33% (P = .002) for normal-hearing adults.ConclusionsVoIP offers a speech perception benefit over conventional telephone quality, even when mild or moderate packet loss scenarios are created in the laboratory. VoIP, therefore, has the potential to significantly improve telecommunication abilities for the large community of hearing-impaired individuals.

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“…Encoder-based methods typically consist in adding redundancy [4] or limiting the use of memory (prediction) [5] [6, Sec. 2.1.6] [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2.1.6] [7]. Two redundant coding approaches are reviewed in [4]: multiple description coding (MDC) and forward error correction (FEC). MDC consists in encoding the signal in complementary descriptions that are sent separately; if some descriptions are lost, a coarser reconstruction is obtained.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application-Layer Redundancy for the EVS Codec

Majed¹,

Ragot²,

Gros³

et al. 2018

2018 26th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO)

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In this paper, we study the performance of the 3GPP EVS codec when this codec is used in conjunction with 100% application-layer redundancy. The objective of this work is to investigate potential performance gains for Voice over LTE (VoLTE) in bad coverage scenarios. Voice quality for the EVS codec operated in the 9.6-24.4 kbit/s bit range in super-wideband (SWB) is evaluated at different packet loss rates (PLR), using objective and subjective methods (ITU-T P.863 and P.800 ACR). Results show that EVS at 9.6 kbit/s with 100% applicationlayer redundancy has significantly higher packet loss resilience in degraded channel conditions ( 3% PLR), for an overall bit rate (around 2⇥9.6 kbit/s) compatible with VoLTE (assuming a VoLTE bearer configured to a maximum rate of 24.4 kbit/s). We also discuss the relative merit of the partial redundancy mode in the EVS codec at 13.2 kbit/s, known as the channel-aware mode (CAM), and possible RTP/RTCP signaling methods to trigger the use of application-layer redundancy.

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Voice over IP: Speech Transmission over Packet Networks

Cited by 4 publications

References 40 publications

Speaker verification in score-ageing-quality classification space

Speaker verification in score-ageing-quality classification space

Speech Perception Benefits of Internet Versus Conventional Telephony for Hearing-Impaired Individuals

Application-Layer Redundancy for the EVS Codec

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