Void swelling in zirconium

Faulkner, D. R.; Woo, C.H.

doi:10.1016/0022-3115(80)90269-x

Cited by 50 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Voids could form in almost all materials under irradiation 8,9,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] . They nucleate from the agglomeration of mobile vacancies, and evolve with the absorption and emission of vacancies or self-interstitials at the void surfaces 21 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In many cases, they appear as a polyhedron bounded by several low-energy flat surfaces. Experimental investigations reported so far have concentrated on void growth behaviours, such as void growth rate, size and spatial distribution 9,13,15,[21][22][23][24] . Although attempts have been made to observe void formation 23,25,26 , no atomicscale observation of void nucleation and early growth has been reported because of experimental difficulties.…”

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confidence: 99%

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In-situ atomic-scale observation of irradiation-induced void formation

et al. 2013

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The formation of voids in an irradiated material significantly degrades its physical and mechanical properties. Void nucleation and growth involve discrete atomic-scale processes that, unfortunately, are not yet well understood due to the lack of direct experimental examination. Here we report an in-situ atomic-scale observation of the nucleation and growth of voids in hexagonal close-packed magnesium under electron irradiation. The voids are found to first grow into a plate-like shape, followed by a gradual transition to a nearly equiaxial geometry. Using atomistic simulations, we show that the initial growth in length is controlled by slow nucleation kinetics of vacancy layers on basal facets and anisotropic vacancy diffusivity. The subsequent thickness growth is driven by thermodynamics to reduce surface energy. These experiments represent unprecedented resolution and characterization of void nucleation and growth under irradiation, and might help with understanding the irradiation damage of other hexagonal close-packed materials.

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confidence: 99%

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In-situ atomic-scale observation of irradiation-induced void formation

et al. 2013

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“…Under electron irradiation swelling is observed in Zr which was previously injected with helium (He) (Faulkner and Woo, 1980). Accordingly, TEM studies have not found many cavities and voids in neutron or charged-particle irradiated Zr alloys.…”

Section: Voidsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…For example, formation of voids under electron irradiation was observed in a Zr sample that had been previously charged with He (Faulkner and Woo, 1980), and dislocation loop formation can be studied with electron irradiation . This last study incidentally, supported the idea that microstructural evolution in Zr alloys is affected by the large diffusion anisotropy, as mentioned in Sec.…”

Section: Charged-particle Irradiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zirconium Alloys in Nuclear Applications

Lemaignan

Motta

2006

Materials Science and Technology

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“…Voids and bubbles (voids containing gas) have been observed in numerous neutron, heavy ion and high-voltage transmission electron microscopy (TEM) irradiation experiments in metals and alloys [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. The significant contributions of insoluble gases (from pre-implantation or nuclear (n, a) transmutation reactions) to the cavity (voids and bubbles) nucleation and growth have been extensively discussed [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. The formation of voids has also been observed with an increase of the dose by in situ heavy ion irradiation [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dislocation-accelerated void formation under irradiation in zirconium

Yao

Daymond

et al. 2015

Acta Materialia

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Molecular dynamics simulations have been performed to model defect creation in alpha zirconium with tensile strains comparable to the elastic strains near the interfaces between zirconium and hydrides. Irradiation-induced vacancy clusters under the strain field could be initiation sites for dislocation nucleation, and the gliding of these dislocations provides channels for transporting atoms from the cascade core, significantly accelerating the growth of vacancy clusters to form a void. The critical number of vacancies in a cluster that is enhanced to grow by the external stress is estimated. The present results provide an atomic-level mechanism to explain the stress-enhanced void growth under irradiation in zirconium, as observed in experiments. The acceleration of delayed hydride cracking under irradiation might be partially attributed to the formation of these voids.

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Void swelling in zirconium

Cited by 50 publications

References 12 publications

In-situ atomic-scale observation of irradiation-induced void formation

In-situ atomic-scale observation of irradiation-induced void formation

Zirconium Alloys in Nuclear Applications

Dislocation-accelerated void formation under irradiation in zirconium

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