Volatile breath biomarkers for patient monitoring during haemodialysis

Goerl, Tina; Kischkel, Sabine; Sawacki, Annika; Fuchs, Patricia; Miekisch, Wolfram; Schubert, Jochen K.

doi:10.1088/1752-7155/7/1/017116

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The levels of toluene tended to decrease over the course of dialysis both in blood and breath, whereas p-xylene showed stable concentrations. Benzene decreased in both fluids after haemodialysis, perhaps due to a treatment-related washout that would be consistent with the findings reported by Goerl et al [29] (see Figure 3 and Figure 4). Since only 3 patients were smokers the elevated levels of benzene seem to stem from an environmental exposure.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…In exhaled air this rise amounted to about 36%, whereas in blood an average difference of 52% was observed. This characteristic breath isoprene behavior in response to dialysis has already been reported by numerous investigators [18-29], however, this is the first time that it is confirmed by parallel blood measurements. The advanced explanations for this phenomenon include hemodynamic stress, fluctuations of respiratory variables, or activation of metabolic pathways leading to mevalonic acid synthesis [19,21-23], nevertheless, none of them seems to be adequate [18].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Conversely, Goerl et al . [29] reported stable levels of DMS in breath of patients undergoing dialysis. The reason for this discrepancy remains speculative.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Blood and breath profiles of volatile organic compounds in patients with end-stage renal disease

et al. 2014

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BackgroundMonitoring of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath shows great potential as a non-invasive method for assessing hemodialysis efficiency. In this work we aim at identifying and quantifying of a wide range of VOCs characterizing uremic breath and blood, with a particular focus on species responding to the dialysis treatment.MethodsGas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection coupled with solid-phase microextraction as pre-concentration method.ResultsA total of 60 VOCs were reliably identified and quantified in blood and breath of CKD patients. Excluding contaminants, six compounds (isoprene, dimethyl sulfide, methyl propyl sulfide, allyl methyl sulfide, thiophene and benzene) changed their blood and breath levels during the hemodialysis treatment.ConclusionsUremic breath and blood patterns were found to be notably affected by the contaminants from the extracorporeal circuits and hospital room air. Consequently, patient exposure to a wide spectrum of volatile species (hydrocarbons, aldehydes, ketones, aromatics, heterocyclic compounds) is expected during hemodialysis. Whereas highly volatile pollutants were relatively quickly removed from blood by exhalation, more soluble ones were retained and contributed to the uremic syndrome. At least two of the species observed (cyclohexanone and 2-propenal) are uremic toxins. Perhaps other volatile substances reported within this study may be toxic and have negative impact on human body functions. Further studies are required to investigate if VOCs responding to HD treatment could be used as markers for monitoring hemodialysis efficiency.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

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Blood and breath profiles of volatile organic compounds in patients with end-stage renal disease

et al. 2014

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“…In a study of 16 subjects undergoing an oral glucose tolerance test, elevated exhaled acetone levels were able to classify diabetics from non-diabetics, though there were large inter-individual differences ( 27 ). Goerl et al studied the breath of 30 subjects with advanced kidney disease undergoing dialysis ( 28 ). In the subset of subjects with DM2, there was significantly less variation in longitudinal breath acetone concentrations.…”

Section: Exhaled Breath For Mets and Dm2 Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetes and the Metabolic Syndrome: Possibilities of a New Breath Test in a Dolphin Model

et al. 2013

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Diabetes type-2 and the metabolic syndrome are prevalent in epidemic proportions and result in significant co-morbid disease. Limitations in understanding of dietary effects and cholesterol metabolism exist. Current methods to assess diabetes are essential, though many are invasive; for example, blood glucose and lipid monitoring require regular finger sticks and blood draws. A novel method to study these diseases may be non-invasive breath testing of exhaled compounds. Currently, acetone and lipid peroxidation products have been seen in small scale studies, though other compounds may be significant. As Atlantic bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) have been proposed as a good model for human diabetes, applications of dietary manipulations and breath testing in this population may shed important light on how to design human clinical studies. In addition, ongoing studies indicate that breath testing in dolphins is feasible, humane, and yields relevant metabolites. By studying the metabolic and cholesterol responses of dolphins to dietary modifications, researchers may gain insight into human diabetes, improve the design of costly human clinical trials, and potentially discover biomarkers for non-invasive breath monitoring.

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“…It combines the new instrumentation and the engineering knowledge with chemistry and medicine, and it is the attainment of a diagnostic monitoring for human diseases [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Applications of the New Technologies “E-Sensing” in Hospitals

Cannistraro¹,

Lorenzini²

2016

IJHT

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The technologies or techniques "e-sensing", in the past decade have had significant developments from the technical and commercial point of view. The term "e-sensing", refers to the ability to reproduce human senses by means of sensors and recognition systems. The proposed work has been developed within the doctoral thesis and is part of a larger research project about sensors underway at the Faculty of Engineering of Messina. The research, combining the knowledge of engineering methods and tools with medical and chemical competence, is oriented to the development of a system able of monitoring the exhaled air for diagnostic purposes, for the realization of electronic systems at a low cost, for the diagnostics in medicine. It was built an artificial olfactory system, known as "electronic nose", which allows monitoring the exhaled air components of patients undergoing a dialysis treatment. This diagnostic non-invasive method is able to provide at low cost, through the specific control of the markers of the exhaled air, some useful information to assess health of dialyzed patients. The realized device, was tested for biomedical applications and mainly for the specific monitoring of volatile biomarkers in the exhaled air, associated with certain medical conditions (eg. NH3 for nephrological diseases). It will allow to obtain an effective early diagnosis of the disease reducing care times and, at the same time, reducing the invasiveness of diagnostic treatments.

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Volatile breath biomarkers for patient monitoring during haemodialysis

Cited by 17 publications

References 38 publications

Blood and breath profiles of volatile organic compounds in patients with end-stage renal disease

Blood and breath profiles of volatile organic compounds in patients with end-stage renal disease

Diabetes and the Metabolic Syndrome: Possibilities of a New Breath Test in a Dolphin Model

The Applications of the New Technologies “E-Sensing” in Hospitals

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