Volatile components of dry cured Iberian ham

Analysis of volatile compounds from Iberian hams: a review

“…Several authors (Sabio et al, 1998;Ramírez and Cava, Carrapiso et al, 2002;Timón et al, 1998) have used bicep femoris muscle for this analysis. others (García et al, 1991;Jurado et al, 2009) used semi-membranosous and bicep femoris muscles. García-González et al (2008) and Sánchez-Peña et al (2005) analyzed the part located along and behind the femur, composed essentially of subcutaneous fat and bicep femoris, semi-membranosous and semitendinosous muscles.…”

“…In some cases, a cylindrical stainless steel tool was used to extract a sample along the thickness and this was then cut into small slices (Sánchez-Peña et al, 2005) or ground (Jurado et al, 2009). Several authors have carried out the analysis by cutting a portion of ham (muscle, fat or muscle and fat), which was blended and minced (Sabio et al, 1998;Ramírez and Cava, 2007;Carrapiso et al, 2002;Narváez-Rivas et al, 2011;lópez et al, 1992;Timón et al, 1998;García et al, 1991;García-González et al, 2008). Instead of cutting a portion of ham, slices have been taken, minced and mixed (Narváez-Rivas et al, 2010b;Narváez-Rivas et al, 2010a;Ruiz et al, 1999) or directly analyzed .…”

“…In 1991, García et al (1991) used the method of Dumont and Ada (1972), in which the sample was transferred to a flask that was connected to an icetrap cooled with liquid nitrogen and maintained at low pressure 5 hours. After distillation, the trap was carefully washed using distillate water.…”

“…As can be observed, helium is the most commonly used carrier gas, but according to the van Deemter equation, hydrogen is better since the chromatographic column has better efficiency when the molecular weight of the carrier gas is lower (van Deemter et al, 1956). Several oven temperature programs have been employed, starting at 30 °C (lópez et al, 1992), 35 °C (Sabio et al, 1998;Carrapiso et al, 2002;Timón et al, 2002;Timón et al, 1998;Timón et al, 2001) or 40 °C (Ramírez and Cava, 2007;Narváez-Rivas et al, 2010b;Sánchez-Peña et al, 2005;Andrés et al, 2007;García et al, 1991;Jurado et al, 2009;García-González et al, 2008, Narváez-Rivas et al, 2010aRuiz et al, 2001;Andrés et al, 2002;Andrade et al, 2009) and increasing up to 175 °C (Sabio et al, 1998), 180 °C (lópez et al, 1992), 200 °C (Sánchez-Peña et al, 2005Andrés et al, 2007;García-González et al, 2008;28), 220 °C (Narváez-Rivas et al, 2010a, 2010b), 230 °C (Timón et al, 1998, 240 °C (García et al, 1991) or 250 °C (Ramírez and Cava, 2007;Carrapiso et al, 2002;Timón et al, 2002;Jurado et al, 2009;Timón et al, 2001;Ruiz et al, 2001;Andrade et al, 2009). Splitless mode injection is the most widely used by authors who study the volatile compounds of Iberian ham, but the split injection mode has also been used although only by Narváez-...…”

“…The compounds can be identified (i) by comparison with commercial reference compounds (Narváez-Rivas et al, 2010b;Sánchez-Peña et al, 2005;lópez et al, 1992;Narváez-Rivas et al, 2010a), (ii) by comparison of Kovats indices (Sabio et al, 1998;Ramírez and Cava, 2007;Carrapiso et al, 2002;Timón et al, 2002;Andrés et al, 2007;García et al, 1991;Jurado et al, 2009;Timón et al, 2001;Ruiz et al, 2001;Andrés et al, 2002;Merkle and larick, 1994;Andrade et al, 2009) with those described by other authors (Kondjoyan and Berdagué, 1996;Kerscher and Grosch, 1997;Rychlik et al, 1998;Reiners and Grosch, 1998;Kovats, 1965;Berdagué et al, 1991;Berdagué et al, 1993;Buscailhon et al, M. NARváEz-RIvAS, E. GAllARDo AND M. lEóN-CAMACHo 1993; Hinrichsen and Pedersen, 1995; Acree and Arn, 1997) and on the web at http://webbook.nist.gov/ (Ramírez and Cava, 2007), and (iii) by comparison of their mass spectra with those contained in libraries, such as NBS (National Bureau of Standards) (lópez et al, 1992), wiley (Ramírez and Cava, 2007;Carrapiso et al, 2002;Narváez-Rivas et al, 2010b;Andrés et al, 2007;Timón et al, 1998;Jurado et al, 2009;Narváez-Rivas et al, 2010a;Timón et al, 2001;Ruiz et al, 2001;Andrés et al, 2002), NIST/EPA/NIH …”