Volatiles and Tannins in Pistacia lentiscus and Their Role in Browsing Behavior of Goats (Capra hircus)

Navon, Shilo; Kigel, Jaime; Dudai, Nativ; Knaanie, Ariela; Glasser, Tzach; Shachter, Alona; Ungar, Eugene D.

doi:10.1007/s10886-019-01124-x

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Physiology and metabolism (e.g., altered microbial activity, reduced digestion, compromised acid/ base balance, toxicity) of animals were affected by consuming shrubs because of the existence of condensed tannins in leaves [18,19]. Negative effects to the animals range from harmless to lethal depending on factors such as dose, animal species, level of nutrition and physiological state [19,47,48]. Tannin content in the rumen liquid and subsequent detrimental effects on blood biochemistry have not been observed for yaks grazing in pastures with various levels of shrub coverage (Yang et al, unpublished data), indicating that either the amount of plant secondary metabolites ingested by the yaks was negligible, or that the ability of organisms to detoxify secondary metabolites has a vital role in the homeostasis of their body systems [49].…”

Section: Effects Of Pasture Shrub Coverage On Rumen Fermentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shrub coverage alters the rumen bacterial community of yaks (Bos grunniens) grazing in alpine meadows

Yang¹,

Tsedan²,

Liu³

et al. 2020

J Anim Sci Technol

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Proliferation of shrubs at the expense of native forage in pastures has been associated with large changes in dry-matter intake and dietary components for grazing ruminants. These changes can also affect the animals' physiology and metabolism. However, little information is available concerning the effect of pastoral-shrub grazing on the rumen bacterial community. To explore rumen bacteria composition in grazing yaks and the response of rumen bacteria to increasing shrub coverage in alpine meadows, 48 yak steers were randomly assigned to four pastures with shrub coverage of 0%, 5.4%, 11.3%, and 20.1% (referred as control, low, middle, and high, respectively), and ruminal fluid was collected from four yaks from each pasture group after 85 days. Rumen fermentation products were measured and microbiota composition determined using Ion S5 TM XL sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) and similarity analysis indicated that the degree of shrub coverage correlated with altered rumen bacterial composition of yaks grazing in alpine shrub meadows. At the phyla level, the relative abundance of Firmicutes in rumen increased with increasing shrub coverage, whereas the proportions of Bacteroidetes, Cyanobacteria and Verrucomicrobia decreased. Yaks grazing in the high shrub-coverage pasture had decreased species of the genus Prevotellaceae UCG-001, Lachnospiraceae XPB1014 group, Lachnospiraceae AC2044 group, Lachnospiraceae FCS020 group and Fretibacterium, but increased species of Christensenellaceae R-7 group, Ruminococcaceae NK4A214 group, Ruminococcus 1, Ruminococcaceae UCG-002, Ruminococcaceae UCG-005 and Lachnospiraceae UCG-008. These variations can enhance the animals' utilization efficiencies of cellulose and hemicellulose from native forage. Meanwhile, yaks grazed in the high shrub-coverage pasture had increased concentrations of ammonia nitrogen (NH 3-N) and branched-chain volatile fatty acids (isobutyrate and isovalerate) in rumen compared with yaks grazing in the pasture without shrubs. These results indicate that yaks grazing in a high shrub-coverage pasture may have improved dietary energy utilization and enhanced resistance to cold stress during the winter. Our findings provide evidence for the influence of shrub coverage on the rumen bacterial community of yaks grazing in alpine meadows as well as insights into the sustainable production of grazing yaks on lands with increasing shrub coverage on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

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Section: Effects Of Pasture Shrub Coverage On Rumen Fermentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shrub coverage alters the rumen bacterial community of yaks (Bos grunniens) grazing in alpine meadows

Yang¹,

Tsedan²,

Liu³

et al. 2020

J Anim Sci Technol

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“…In particular, the elephants may associate certain monoterpene odours with the avoided plants in which they occur (Lawler et al 1998 ; Moore et al 2004 ; Massei et al 2007 ; Dicke and Baldwin 2010 ). For example, Navon et al ( 2020 ) found that the primary monoterpene hydrocarbons present in Pistacia lentiscus influenced the dietary choices of goats ( Capra hircus ). Specifically, goats preferred P. lentiscus shrubs with chemotypes dominated by limonene compared to chemotypes dominated by α-pinene.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, goats preferred P. lentiscus shrubs with chemotypes dominated by limonene compared to chemotypes dominated by α-pinene. However, both chemotypes have the same nutritional value, and the total concentration of the monoterpenes within these plants were likely too low to elicit toxic effects (Navon et al 2020 ). As such, α-pinene may serve as a signature VOC that goats associate with other plant species that have low nutritional quality (Navon et al 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The deterrent effects of individual monoterpene odours on the dietary decisions of African elephants

2023

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African savanna elephants use pre-ingestive olfactory cues when making dietary choices, and previous research has observed that elephant diet choice is negatively correlated with vegetation species that contain high concentrations of monoterpenes. However, the frequency and concentration of monoterpenes can vary dramatically across plant species. Thus, we aimed to explore the effects that the odours of individual monoterpenes have on elephant diet choice and how these effects vary with concentration. To do this, we conducted three odour-based choice experiments focusing on eight common monoterpenes found in the woody plants in Southern African savannas. In the first experiment, we tested whether elephant diet choice for a frequently consumed plant (Euclea crispa) was influenced by the addition of the odour of an individual monoterpene at a set concentration. In the second experiment, we explored the relative deterrence of each monoterpene. Lastly, we tested how elephant diet choice varied as a function of the addition of individual monoterpene odours at 5%, 10%, and 20% concentrations. We found that the elephants avoided most individual monoterpenes at high concentrations, with the exception being α-pinene. Furthermore, we found that the odours of some individual monoterpenes were, in fact, more deterrent than others. In the third experiment, we found that the elephants avoided β-pinene, limonene, ocimene, γ-terpinene, and terpinolene across all concentrations, but only avoided sabinene and linalool at high concentrations. Ultimately, our results show that the odour of individual monoterpenes may deter elephant consumption, but that this deterrent effect depends on both the monoterpene and its concentration.

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“…Given a choice, grass-like species (Poaceae, Restionaceae, Cyperaceae) are always preferred in the diet of this kangaroo, and these tend to occur bunched in woody vegetation [17,28]. If this preference has a phylogenetic basis, it might explain their unexpected aversion to the many shrubs in forests that possess essential oils that would normally be expected to be included in the diet of obligate browsers [9,29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tannins are usually non-volatile and inhibit nitrogen assimilation [7], binding readily to proteins and inhibiting digestive enzyme function and/or reducing absorption of dietary protein [8]. Tannins are therefore potent feeding deterrents among mammals [9]. Essential oils are volatile and aromatic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Tannins and Essential Oils Have an Additive Deterrent Effect on Diet Choice by Kangaroos

Rafferty

Lamont

2021

Forests

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Tannins and essential oils are well recognised as antiherbivore compounds. We investigated the relative effectiveness of the polyphenol, tannin, and the essential oils, 1,8-cineole and pine oil, as feeding deterrents against western grey kangaroos. Both groups of secondary metabolites are naturally abundant in many Australian plants. These three metabolite groups were incorporated separately or together into standard pellets for presentation to kangaroos, and their behaviour (sequence of food choice and feeding time) and amounts consumed were observed. The control (with no secondary metabolites) was much preferred. There was a sharp reduction in the ingestion of pellets containing tannins, 1,8-cineole or pine oil. Combinations of the metabolites resulted in almost no consumption. In association with tannin, pellets containing either 1,8-cineole or pine oil were as effective deterrents as both combined. There was a strong correlation between time spent feeding on the different diets and the amount of food consumed, although the rate of intake was markedly slower when secondary metabolites were present. Behavioural observations showed that the amount of food ingested is initially guided by the presence/absence of essential oils, apparently detected by smell, and later by the presence/absence of tannins, by taste. Both groups of secondary metabolites work in concert by stimulating different senses that minimise herbivory by marsupials, such as the western grey kangaroo, and help to explain their abundance in the Australian flora.

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Volatiles and Tannins in Pistacia lentiscus and Their Role in Browsing Behavior of Goats (Capra hircus)

Cited by 6 publications

References 49 publications

Shrub coverage alters the rumen bacterial community of yaks (Bos grunniens) grazing in alpine meadows

Shrub coverage alters the rumen bacterial community of yaks (Bos grunniens) grazing in alpine meadows

The deterrent effects of individual monoterpene odours on the dietary decisions of African elephants

Plant Tannins and Essential Oils Have an Additive Deterrent Effect on Diet Choice by Kangaroos

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