Volatility and Development

Koren, Miklós; Tenreyro, Silvana

doi:10.1162/qjec.122.1.243

Cited by 458 publications

(410 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…By spreading economic activity across sectors, if demand for one sector's output falters, other sectors may grow and hence, achieve some form of stability Koren and Tenreyro, 2007; Van der Ploeg and Poelhekke, 2009). argued that price volatility for exports was one of the main determinants of growth performance.…”

Section: Export Diversification Development and Tourismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Planning for a Qatar Without Oil: Tourism and Economic Diversification, a Battle of Perceptions

Morakabati

Beavis

Fletcher

2014

Tourism Planning & Development

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Qatar has developed a long-term strategy to plan for a time when the country will not be dependent upon its oil and gas reserves. The strategy focuses on export diversification, largely through the development of service industries, including finance, knowledge-based sectors and tourism. This may be seen as a sensible option given the availability of capital and the paucity of non-energy resources. To date the success in attracting leisure tourists has been limited. The country faces a number of challenges with its economic diversification strategy through tourism, including the task of creating a strong destination image and assuring personal safety, civil liberty and political stability in a region not noted for these characteristics. It also needs to offer a product that is sensitive to the religious and cultural traditions of the host population whilst appealing to international tourists. This paper looks at diversification as a development strategy, the rationale for Qatar's diversification strategy, the risk perceptions and appeal of Qatar as a holiday destination and then empirically tests whether Qatar fits into a typology of evoked, inert or inept sets of destinations. The results show that there is strong support for the link between export diversification and economic growth but while seen as a relatively safe destination, Qatar currently lacks appeal and does not fall into the evoked set of destinations for UK visitors.

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Section: Export Diversification Development and Tourismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Planning for a Qatar Without Oil: Tourism and Economic Diversification, a Battle of Perceptions

Morakabati

Beavis

Fletcher

2014

Tourism Planning & Development

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“…Income growth in poor countries is more volatile than in richer countries, being subject not only to episodic crises but also to cyclical fluctuations that tend to be larger and more abrupt (e.g. Pritchett 2000, Koren andTenreyro 2007). There is limited evidence on the welfare costs of income volatility in developing countries (Pallage and Robe 2003).…”

Section: Motivation and Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatal fluctuations? Cyclicality in infant mortality in India

Bhalotra

2010

Journal of Development Economics

189

162

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in Fatal Fluctuations? Cyclicality in Infant Mortality in IndiaSonia Bhalotra D I S C U S S I O N P A P E R S E R I E S ABSTRACT Fatal Fluctuations? Cyclicality in Infant Mortality in India *This paper investigates the impact of macroeconomic shocks on infant mortality in India and investigates likely mechanisms. A recent OECD-dominated literature shows that mortality at most ages is pro-cyclical but similar analyses for poorer countries are scarce, and both income risk and mortality risk are greater in poor countries. This paper uses individual data on infant mortality for about 150000 children born in 1970-1997, merged by birth-cohort with a state panel containing information on aggregate income. Identification rests upon comparing the effects of annual deviations in income from trend on the mortality risks of children born at different times to the same mother, conditional upon a number of state-time varying covariates including rainshocks. I cannot reject the null that income shocks have no effect on mortality in urban households, but I find that rural infant mortality is counter-cyclical, the elasticity being about -0.46. This is despite the possibility that relatively high risk women avert birth or suffer fetal loss in recessions. It seems related to the fact that women's participation in the (informal) labour market increases in recessions, presumably, to compensate a decline in their husband's wages. Consistent with this but, in contrast to results for richer countries, antenatal and postnatal health-care decline in recessions. These effects are reinforced by pro-cyclicality in state health and development expenditure. Another interesting finding that is informative about the underlying mechanisms is that the effect of aggregate income on rural mortality is driven by non-agricultural income.JEL Classification: I12, J10, O49

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“…At the same time, aggregate income volatility is much greater in poor than in rich countries (Pritchett 2000, Koren andTenreyro 2007). In these circumstances, we may expect that mortality is counter-cyclical, with adverse shocks to household income being reinforced by cut s in social expenditure.…”

Section: Motivation and Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spending to save? State health expenditure and infant mortality in India

Bhalotra

2007

Health Economics

110

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in Spending to Save? State Health Expenditure and Infant Mortality in IndiaSonia Bhalotra D I S C U S S I O N P A P E R S E R I E S ABSTRACT Spending to Save? State Health Expenditure and Infant Mortality in India *There are severe inequalities in health in the world, poor health being concentrated amongst poor people in poor countries. Poor countries spend a much smaller share of national income on health expenditure than do richer countries. What potential lies in political or growth processes that raise this share? This depends upon how effective government health spending in developing countries is. Existing research presents little evidence of an impact on childhood mortality. Using specifications similar to those in the existing literature, this paper finds a similar result for India, which is that state health spending saves no lives. However, upon allowing lagged effects, controlling in a flexible way for trended unobservables and restricting the sample to rural households, a significant effect of health expenditure on infant mortality emerges, the long run elasticity being about -0.24. There are striking differences in the impact by social group. Slicing the data by gender, birth-order, religion, maternal and paternal education and maternal age at birth, I find the weakest effects in the most vulnerable groups (with the exception of a large effect for scheduled tribes). JEL Classification:I18, I38, O15, O12

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Volatility and Development

Cited by 458 publications

References 29 publications

Planning for a Qatar Without Oil: Tourism and Economic Diversification, a Battle of Perceptions

Planning for a Qatar Without Oil: Tourism and Economic Diversification, a Battle of Perceptions

Fatal fluctuations? Cyclicality in infant mortality in India

Spending to save? State health expenditure and infant mortality in India

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