Volatility literature of chlorine, iodine, cesium, strontium, technetium, and rhenium; technetium and rhenium volatility testing

Langowski, M.H.; Darab, John G.; Smith, Peter A.

doi:10.2172/211388

Cited by 21 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The use of TiO 2 as an additive in the borosilicate system has been the subject of several investigations. 5,6 Rastogi et al 7 reported that volatility of Cs can be reduced by using a little amount of TiO 2 , possibly due to the formation of thermally stable compounds such as Cs 2 O-4TiO 2 . The effect of TiO 2 on the reduction of Cs volatility was also observed by Kelly 8 during the preparation of glass from zeolite.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of TiO₂ on the Physicochemical Properties of Cesium Borosilicate Glasses

Banerjee

Sudarsan

Joseph

et al. 2010

Journal of the American Ceramic Society

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High cesium (Cs)‐bearing sodium borosilicate glasses incorporated with varying concentrations of TiO2 up to 10 mol% at the expense of B2O3 were prepared by the conventional melt quenching method. Physicochemical properties of the glasses studied include Cs volatilization losses, leaching, and glass transition temperatures. Structural aspects of the glasses were investigated using Fourier transform infrared, 11B MAS NMR, and UV‐visible optical absorption techniques. From the detailed investigations on these glasses, optimum concentration of TiO2 for minimum volatilization losses of Cs has been established. Structural studies revealed the role of TiO2 in the Cs volatilization as well as leaching characteristics of the glass. Based on our studies, it can be inferred that the glass sample with 5 mol% TiO2 content gives the optimum formulation with regard to the leaching and Cs volatilization losses. Results of the study are useful in the development of high Cs‐bearing glasses for their use as a gamma source for radiation technology application.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of TiO₂ on the Physicochemical Properties of Cesium Borosilicate Glasses

Banerjee

Sudarsan

Joseph

et al. 2010

Journal of the American Ceramic Society

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“…The gaseous byproduct of this reaction is technetium heptoxide, Tc 2 O 7 , which is highly reactive, and able to combine with alkali, to reform alkali pertechnetate, or with hydrogen, to form a pertechnic acid, HTcO 4 [44,45]. The work of Colton, Rard, and Vida have thoroughly studied the thermodynamics of Tc 2 O 7 [46][47][48].…”

Section: O Xtcomentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of 5- and 6- Coordinated Alkali Pertechnetates

et al. 2017

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The local chemistry of technetium-99 ( 99 Tc) in oxide glasses is important for understanding the incorporation and long-term release of Tc from nuclear waste glasses, both those for legacy defense wastes and fuel reprocessing wastes. Tc preferably forms Tc(VII), Tc(IV), or Tc(0) in glass, depending on the level of reduction of the melt. Tc(VII) in oxide glasses is normally assumed to be isolated pertechnetate TcO 4 -anions surrounded by alkali, but can occasionally precipitate as alkali pertechnetate salts such as KTcO 4 and NaTcO 4 when Tc concentration is high. In these cases, Tc(VII) is 4-coordinated by oxygen. A reinvestigation of the chemistry of alkali-technetium-oxides formed under oxidizing conditions and at temperatures used to prepare nuclear waste glasses showed that higher coordinated alkali Tc(VII) oxide species had been reported, including those with the TcO 5 -and TcO 6 -anions. The chemistry of alkali Tc(VII) and other alkali-Tc-oxides is reviewed, along with relevant synthesis conditions. Additionally, we report attempts to make 5-and 6-coordinate pertechnetate compounds of K, Na, and Li, i.e. TcO 5 -and TcO 6 -. It was found that higher coordinated species are very sensitive to water, and easily decompose into their respective pertechnetates. It was difficult to obtain pure compounds, but mixtures of the pertechnetate and other phase(s) were frequently found, as evidenced by x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), neutron diffraction (ND), and Raman spectroscopy. Low temperature electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements showed the possibility of Tc(IV) and Tc(VI) in Na 3 TcO 5 and Na 5 TcO 6 compounds.It was hypothesized that the smaller counter cation would result in more stable pertechnetates. To confirm the synthesis method, LiReO 4 and Li 5 ReO 6 were prepared, and their Raman spectra match those in the literature. Subsequently, the Tc versions LiTcO 4 and Li 5 TcO 6 were synthesized and characterized by ND, Raman spectroscopy, XANES, and EXAFS. The Li 5 TcO 6 was a marginally stable compound that appears to have the same structure as that known for Li 5 ReO 6 . Implications of the experimental work on stability of alkali technetate compounds and possible role in the volatilization of Tc are discussed. MRS Advances

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“…Although most radionuclides present no challenges to the vitrification of high-level waste, certain radionuclides, especially 137 Cs and 99 Tc, are easily volatilized during vitrification. (Langowski, Darab et al 1996) The behavior of technetium and rhenium in borosilicate glasses has recently been reviewed, (Darab and Smith 1996) and will be discussed only briefly here. A number of Tc(VII) compounds have low boiling points.…”

Section: Behavior Of Technetium In Glassmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Program to Investigate the Fundamental Chemistry of Technetium

Shuh¹,

Pegg²

2000

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Volatility literature of chlorine, iodine, cesium, strontium, technetium, and rhenium; technetium and rhenium volatility testing

Cited by 21 publications

References 7 publications

Role of TiO₂ on the Physicochemical Properties of Cesium Borosilicate Glasses

Role of TiO₂ on the Physicochemical Properties of Cesium Borosilicate Glasses

Synthesis and Characterization of 5- and 6- Coordinated Alkali Pertechnetates

Research Program to Investigate the Fundamental Chemistry of Technetium

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Volatility literature of chlorine, iodine, cesium, strontium, technetium, and rhenium; technetium and rhenium volatility testing

Cited by 21 publications

References 7 publications

Role of TiO2 on the Physicochemical Properties of Cesium Borosilicate Glasses

Role of TiO2 on the Physicochemical Properties of Cesium Borosilicate Glasses

Synthesis and Characterization of 5- and 6- Coordinated Alkali Pertechnetates

Research Program to Investigate the Fundamental Chemistry of Technetium

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Role of TiO₂ on the Physicochemical Properties of Cesium Borosilicate Glasses

Role of TiO₂ on the Physicochemical Properties of Cesium Borosilicate Glasses