Volatility of Different Formulations of Clomazone Herbicide

Schreiber, F.; Avila, Luis Antônio de; Scherner, Ananda; Gehrke, Vinicios Rafael; Agostinetto, Dirceu

doi:10.1590/0100-83582015000200017

Cited by 11 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…(Figures 2 and 3), mainly in the plants grown near the herbicide application site (1 m away). These results corroborate those found by Schreiber et al, (2015), who evaluated volatilization of three clomazone formulations in a greenhouse and observed that Gamit 360 CS ® caused less injury to the indicator plant species. In other study conducted by Keifer et al (2007), also in controlled conditions, it was determined that volatilization of microencapsulated clomazone formulations was 16% lower than the total volatilization of an emulsified concentrated formulation.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…However, after this period, the plants continued growing and developing, with new leaves growing without apparent symptoms. Schreiber et al (2015) found, in controlled environment, practically the same levels of toxicity of this study at 10 DAH, indicating similarity with the field results. However, at 24 DAH, the same authors reported high levels of injury, without recovery of the plants, possibly because it was a closed environment, not enabling the herbicide dissipation in the environment, a situation not found in the field conditions.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

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Volatilidade de formulações de clomazone em condições de campo

Schreiber¹,

Avila²,

Scherner³

et al. 2016

RBHerbicidas

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-Volatilization plays an important role in the process of herbicide dispersion in the environment. The physicochemical characteristics of the clomazone molecule indicate its volatility potential. The present study aimed to evaluate the volatilization rate of three clomazone formulations under field conditions using indicator plants and wind tunnels. Transparent polyethylene tunnels were placed on a sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) field parallel to the prevalent wind direction, and the herbicide formulations were applied in plastic trays containing 10 kg of sieved soil and placed at the center of the tunnel. The experiment was arranged in a slip-plot design with four replications. The main plots were represented by different formulations of the herbicides: Gamit 360 CS ® , Gamit 500 EC ® and Gamit Star ® , and control plots without herbicide application. The sub-plots represented the distances from the application site: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 meters. Herbicide injury in sorghum was then assessed at different days after application. The symptoms of all formulations were more intense in the plants that were closer to the application site, and were even more severe in the prevailing wind direction. In general, regardless of the application distance, Gamit 360 CS ® caused less injury to the sorghum.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Volatilidade de formulações de clomazone em condições de campo

Schreiber¹,

Avila²,

Scherner³

et al. 2016

RBHerbicidas

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“…Volatilization can be assessed by using micrometeorological system (Majewski, 1999), field and semi-field conditions (Van den Berg et al, 1999), closed-chambers (Schreiber et al, 2013;Schreiber et al, 2015) and wind tunnels (Bedos et al, 2002b).…”

Section: Volatilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bioindicator plants can be used to evaluate the volatility risk of a herbicide in closed-chambers and/or field conditions (Schreiber et al, 2013;Schreiber et al, 2015;Schreiber et al, 2016). Herbicides concentrations in air are evaluated by the symptoms caused on the bioindicator plants, which are used instead of atmospheric measurements and analytical analysis (Lam and Gray, 2003).…”

Section: Volatilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Volatilization is a physico-chemical process in which a compound in its solid phase is transferred from the soil or plant surface to the gaseous phase (Bedos et al, 2002a). This process can occur as soon the herbicide is sprayed and its re-deposition on non-target organisms is a source of environmental contamination (Schreiber et al, 2013;Schreiber et al, 2015). Leaching is the vertical and/or horizontal movement of the herbicide into the soil profile, which can lead to the contamination of surface and groundwater (Cohen et al, 1995;Whitford et al, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental methods to evaluate herbicides behavior in soil

et al. 2018

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-Pesticides are an essential tool for agriculture, however, studies have been shown that only 45% of the sprayed products reach the target-crop, whereas 30% is drifted, 10% is lost due to transport processes (leaching, volatilization and runoff), and 15% reaches the soil. Moreover, only 1% of the applied product reaches the target, in other words, the pathogens, weeds and insects. Even though, risk assessments for environmental contamination due to off-target movement of a pesticide are mandatory and performed prior to its registration, these products are often detected contaminating non-target sites, and freshwater ecosystems are the main impaired. Various biological, physical and chemical processes determine the environment fate and the efficacy of these compounds. Thus, there are several experimental techniques used to evaluate the behavior of herbicides in soil. This review aims to summarize the most commonly used methods to describe and evaluate each process to which a herbicide is subjected in soil and, their advantages and disadvantages. In general, when studying the fate of pesticides in the environment, laboratory experiments provide more precise information because it is possible to control the environmental conditions and isolate the factors that interest the researcher. However, it is important to mention that there is not a more efficient method but there are methods that can provide a better result in a given situation. Thus, the method choice depends in the study aim and the available infrastructure. Keywords: adsorption, biodegradation, leaching, runoff, volatilization Resumo -O uso de agrotóxicos na agricultura é praticamente indispensável, contudo, estudos estimam que somente 45% do produto aplicado atinge a cultura, sendo que aproximadamente 30% sofrem deriva, 10% são perdidos por algum processo de transporte (lixiviação, volatilização e escoamento) e 15% atingem o solo. Além disso, do total aplicado, apenas 1% atinge o alvo, ou seja, patógenos, plantas daninhas e insetos. Embora avaliações de riscos de contaminação ambiental de agrotóxicos sejam obrigatórios para o registro e comercialização, frequentemente estudos relatam a presença destes em locais não alvos, sendo os corpos de água os principais prejudicados. Vários processos biológicos, físicos e químicos determinam o destino ambiental e a eficiência desses. Assim, diversos métodos experimentais podem ser utilizados para avaliar o comportamento de agrotóxicos no ambiente. Essa revisão objetiva resumir os métodos mais comumente utilizados para descrever Schreiber et al.Rev. Bras. Herb., v.17, n

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Droplet size and physicochemical property effects on herbicide efficacy of pre‐emergence herbicides in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr)

Ferreira

Ferguson

Reynolds

et al. 2019

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND: Unlike post-emergence herbicides (POSTs), little is known about droplet size effect on pre-emergence herbicide (PRE) efficacy. Four nozzle types were used to apply different PRE herbicides on eight soybean fields in Missouri and Mississippi in 2017 and 2018, respectively. Pendimethalin, metribuzin, clomazone, imazethapyr and pyroxasulfone were selected based on their physicochemical characteristics (adsorption, volatility and solubility) and were sprayed using XR11002, ULD12002, TTI6011002, and TTI11002 nozzles. RESULTS:The XR nozzle produced the smallest droplet size (D V0.5 ), 204 m, followed by the ULD, TTI60 and TTI with D V0.5 of 468, 646, and 794 m, respectively. Droplet size, spray coverage, nozzle type or physicochemical characteristics showed no effect on PRE herbicide efficacy, except in the Monroe County, MS, field, with pendimethalin. The TTI60 twin fan nozzle enhanced pendimethalin weed control (up to 91%) in comparison with pendimethalin sprayed with the TTI nozzle (64%), in a high organic matter (OM) soil composed of large soil clods and high weed pressure. It was hypothesized that improved herbicide penetration assisted by the TTI60 dual fan pattern increased herbicide-moisture contact and clod coverage by the herbicide. Under soils with higher OM content (>2%) pendimethalin weed control was reduced. In soils with low OM (<0.7%), low cation exchange capacity (CEC) (<13.1%) and rainfall of 12.2 mm within 3 days after application, metribuzin also resulted in reduced weed control. CONCLUSION:The results indicate that droplet size does not affect PRE herbicide efficacy regardless of physicochemical herbicide properties including adsorption, volatility and solubility.

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Volatility of Different Formulations of Clomazone Herbicide

Cited by 11 publications

References 13 publications

Volatilidade de formulações de clomazone em condições de campo

Volatilidade de formulações de clomazone em condições de campo

Experimental methods to evaluate herbicides behavior in soil

Droplet size and physicochemical property effects on herbicide efficacy of pre‐emergence herbicides in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr)

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