“…For example, Onanuga and Shittu (2010), Maitra (2017), Obeng and Sakyi (2017), and Kartal (2020) examine the FX rates from the interest rates perspectives, while Hajilee and Al Nasser (2014), Korhonen (2015), Jebran and Iqbal (2016), Demir (2019), Kartal et al (2020), Narayan et al (2020), Depren et al (2021), and Kartal et al (2021a) examine the FX rates from stock market index perspectives, and Sujit and Kumar (2011), Wang and Chueh (2013), and Dinçer et al (2018) examines the FX rates from the gold prices. Moreover, the FX rates are examined in terms of the nexus with Credit Default Swap (CDS) spreads (Fontana and Scheicher, 2016;Hassan et al, 2017), economic policy uncertainty (Krol, 2014;Beckmann and Czudaj, 2017;Sharif et al, 2020), geopolitical risk (Iyke et al, 2022), foreign portfolio inflows (Kartal et al, 2020), monetary policy indicators like emission (Depren et al, 2021), oil prices (Kartal, 2021); sovereign credit risk (Augustin et al, 2020), and volatility (Depren et al, 2021;Devpura et al, 2021;Kartal et al, 2021a).…”