Volcanic ash and SO<sub>2</sub> in the 2008 Kasatochi eruption: Retrievals comparison from different IR satellite sensors

Corradini, Stefano; Merucci, Luca; Prata, A. J.; Piscini, Alessandro

doi:10.1029/2009jd013634

Cited by 113 publications

(102 citation statements)

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“…Firstly, by estimating the brightness temperature of the cloud and comparing it with the temperature radiosonde vertical profile. This method, also known as darkest pixel method [51], was applied on the six SEVIRI images closest to the MVIRI images from 10:49 to 13:19 UTC with retrieved temperatures between´43.7 and´52.0˝C. The resulting cloud heights range from about less than 9 to 11 km (see Figure 9a).…”

Section: Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stereoscopic Estimation of Volcanic Ash Cloud-Top Height from Two Geostationary Satellites

et al. 2016

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Abstract:The characterization of volcanic ash clouds released into the atmosphere during explosive eruptions includes cloud height as a fundamental physical parameter. A novel application is proposed of a method based on parallax data acquired from two geostationary instruments for estimating ash cloud-top height (ACTH). An improved version of the method with a detailed discussion of height retrieval accuracy was applied to estimate ACTH from two datasets acquired by two satellites in favorable positions to fully exploit the parallax effect. A combination of MSG SEVIRI (HRV band; 1000 m nadir spatial resolution, 5 min temporal resolution) and Meteosat-7 MVIRI (VIS band, 2500 m nadir spatial resolution, 30 min temporal resolution) was implemented. Since MVIRI does not acquire data at exactly the same time as SEVIRI, a correction procedure enables compensation for wind advection in the atmosphere. The method was applied to the Mt. Etna, Sicily, Italy, eruption of 23 November 2013. The height of the volcanic cloud was tracked with a top height of~8.5 km. The ash cloud estimate was applied to the visible channels to show the potential accuracy that will soon be achievable also in the infrared range using the next generation of multispectral imagers. The new constellation of geostationary meteorological satellites will enable full exploitation of this technique for continuous global ACTH monitoring.

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Section: Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stereoscopic Estimation of Volcanic Ash Cloud-Top Height from Two Geostationary Satellites

et al. 2016

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“…The chi-square procedure, applied to the MODIS channel 29, is used to retrieve SO 2 (Realmuto et al, 1994;Corradini et al, 2009Corradini et al, , 2010. The LUTs were computed using MODTRAN code driven by the Trapani WMO atmospheric profiles closest to the two events (MODIS images) and Volz ash optical properties.…”

Section: Assessment Of So 2 and Ash Properties From Two Modis Imagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sea surface temperature was derived from the radiative transfer equation inversion, with a constant surface emissivity equal to 0.99 (Corradini et al, 2008(Corradini et al, , 2009(Corradini et al, , 2010. The plume altitude for 3 December 2006 was derived from Andronico et al (2009a, b), while the plume altitude for 23 October 2011 was evaluated from the satellite image by comparing the brightness temperature of the most opaque plume pixels with the atmospheric temperature extracted from the Trapani WMO profile (Prata and Grant, 2001;Corradini et al, 2009Corradini et al, , 2010. The ash influence on MODIS channel 29 in the SO 2 assessment was corrected following the procedure described by Corradini et al (2009).…”

Section: Assessment Of So 2 and Ash Properties From Two Modis Imagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of the sporadic nature of volcanic eruptions and their large geographic extents, satellite remote sensing provides the most suitable technique for detecting and assessing volcanic emissions. The detection and assessment of volcanic ash clouds has been performed using different multispectral polar satellite instruments, including the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR, Prata, 1989a, b;Wen and Rose, 1994;Krotkov et al, 1999;Yu et al, 2002;Corradini et al, 2010), the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS, Hillger at al., 2002;Ellrod et al, 2003;Watson et al, 2004;Corradini et al, 2008Corradini et al, , 2009Corradini et al, , 2010 aboard the Terra/Aqua NASA satellites, and multispectral geostationary satellite systems like for example the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES, Rose and Mayberry, 2000;Yu et al, 2002;Ellrod et al, 2003) and the Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager radiometer (SEVIRI, Prata and Kerkmann, 2007) on board Meteosat Second Generation (MSG) satellites.…”

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confidence: 99%

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A new simplified approach for simultaneous retrieval of SO<sub>2</sub> and ash content of tropospheric volcanic clouds: an application to the Mt Etna volcano

et al. 2013

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Abstract. A new procedure is presented for simultaneous estimation of SO2 and ash abundance in a volcanic plume, using thermal infrared (TIR) MODIS data. Plume altitude and temperature are the only two input parameters required to run the procedure, while surface emissivity, temperature, atmospheric profiles, ash optical properties, and radiative transfer models are not necessary to perform the atmospheric corrections. The procedure gives the most reliable results when the surface under the plume is uniform, for example above the ocean, but still produces fairly good estimates in more challenging and not easily modelled conditions, such as above land or meteorological cloud layers. The developed approach was tested on the Etna volcano. By linearly interpolating the radiances surrounding a detected volcanic plume, the volcanic plume removal (VPR) procedure described here computes the radiances that would have been measured by the sensor in the absence of a plume, and reconstructs a new image without plume. The new image and the original data allow computation of plume transmittance in the TIR-MODIS bands 29, 31, and 32 (8.6, 11.0 and 12.0 μm) by applying a simplified model consisting of a uniform plume at a fixed altitude and temperature. The transmittances are then refined with a polynomial relationship obtained by means of MODTRAN simulations adapted for the geographical region, ash type, and atmospheric profiles. Bands 31 and 32 are SO2 transparent and, from their transmittances, the effective ash particle radius (Re), and aerosol optical depth at 550 nm (AOD550) are computed. A simple relation between the ash transmittances of bands 31 and 29 is demonstrated and used for SO2 columnar content (cs) estimation. Comparing the results of the VPR procedure with MODTRAN simulations for more than 200 000 different cases, the frequency distribution of the differences shows the following: the Re error is less than ±0.5 μm in more than 60% of cases; the AOD550 error is less than ±0.125 in 80% of cases; the cs error is less than ±0.5 g m−2 in more than 60% of considered cases. The VPR procedure was applied in two case studies of recent eruptions occurring at the Mt Etna volcano, Italy, and successfully compared with the results obtained from the established SO2 and ash assessments based on look-up tables (LUTs). Assessment of the sensitivity to the plume altitude uncertainty is also made. The VPR procedure is simple, extremely fast, and can be adapted to other ash types and different volcanoes.

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“…Satellite and airborne remote sensing methodologies have proven to be extremely valuable for examining and evaluating the effects of eruptions over large scale. High temporal resolution systems like MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) have been used for mapping the evolution in time of the volcanic plume [1][2][3]. High spatial resolution systems such as ASTER (Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer) have been extensively used for global scale mapping of volcanoes [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

UAV Thermal Infrared Remote Sensing of an Italian Mud Volcano

Amici¹,

Turci²,

Giammanco³

et al. 2013

ARS

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Extreme environments like active volcanoes exhibit many difficulties in being studied by in situ techniques. For example, during eruptions, summit areas are very hard to be accessed because of logistics problems and/or volcanic hazards. The use of remote sensing techniques in the last 20 years by satellite or airborne platforms has proven their capabilities in mapping and monitoring the evolution of volcanic activity. This approach has become increasingly important, as much interest is actually focused on understanding precursory signals to volcanic eruptions. In this work we verify the use of cutting-edge technology like unmanned flying system thermally equipped for volcanic applications. We present the results of a flight test performed by INGV in collaboration with the University of Bologna (Aerospace Division) by using a multi-rotor aircraft in a hexacopter configuration. The experiment was realized in radio controlled mode to overcome many regulation problems which, especially in Italy, limit the use of this system in autonomous mode. The overall goal was not only qualitative but also quantitative oriented. The system flew above an Italian mud volcano, named Le Salinelle, located on the lower South West flank of Mt. Etna volcano, which was chosen as representative site, providing not only a discrimination between hot and cold areas, but also the corresponding temperature values. The in-flight measurements have been cross-validated with contemporaneous in-situ acquisition of thermal data and from independent measurements of mud/water temperature.

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Volcanic ash and SO₂ in the 2008 Kasatochi eruption: Retrievals comparison from different IR satellite sensors

Cited by 113 publications

References 36 publications

Stereoscopic Estimation of Volcanic Ash Cloud-Top Height from Two Geostationary Satellites

Stereoscopic Estimation of Volcanic Ash Cloud-Top Height from Two Geostationary Satellites

A new simplified approach for simultaneous retrieval of SO<sub>2</sub> and ash content of tropospheric volcanic clouds: an application to the Mt Etna volcano

UAV Thermal Infrared Remote Sensing of an Italian Mud Volcano

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Volcanic ash and SO2 in the 2008 Kasatochi eruption: Retrievals comparison from different IR satellite sensors

Cited by 113 publications

References 36 publications

Stereoscopic Estimation of Volcanic Ash Cloud-Top Height from Two Geostationary Satellites

Stereoscopic Estimation of Volcanic Ash Cloud-Top Height from Two Geostationary Satellites

A new simplified approach for simultaneous retrieval of SO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and ash content of tropospheric volcanic clouds: an application to the Mt Etna volcano

UAV Thermal Infrared Remote Sensing of an Italian Mud Volcano

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Volcanic ash and SO₂ in the 2008 Kasatochi eruption: Retrievals comparison from different IR satellite sensors

A new simplified approach for simultaneous retrieval of SO<sub>2</sub> and ash content of tropospheric volcanic clouds: an application to the Mt Etna volcano