Volcanic ash particulate matter from the 2010 Eyjafjallajökull eruption in dust deposition at Prague, central Europe

Navrátil, Tomáš; Hladil, Jindřich; Strnad, Ladislav; Koptíková, Leona; Skála, Roman

doi:10.1016/j.aeolia.2012.12.002

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…. Its glass-based geochemistry has been characterised at Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic(Navrátil et al, 2013), although the proximal and distal datasets demonstrate considerable scatter. At least four previous eruptions are known to have occurred at Eyjafjallajökull.…”

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confidence: 99%

Defining the potential source region of volcanic ash in northwest Europe during the Mid- to Late Holocene

Plunkett

Pilcher

2018

Earth-Science Reviews

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Far-travelled volcanic ash (fine-grained tephra) clouds pose economic and societal risks largely through their potential impact on the aviation industry. A long view of ash clouds extending over northwest Europe assembled from the study and geochemical characterization of cryptotephra (i.e. tephra invisible to the naked eye) in sedimentary records can help inform the understanding of the frequency of such events, and the nature of eruptions that generate them. Here we review the records of cryptotephra deposition in northwest Europe during the Mid-to Late Holocene (the last eight millennia) to gain insights into the sources of volcanic ash reaching this region. We consider almost 500 published and unpublished datasets for cryptotephras recorded in sedimentary sequences ranging from Ireland to Latvia and, on the basis of their major element geochemical composition, we identify 90 unique ash horizons and their likely provenance. The majority (72%) of the cryptotephras derive from Icelandic eruptions, but a large proportion (24%) originates from other volcanic regions, including Alaska, the Cascades, Kamchatka, Mexico, the Azores and possibly the Mediterranean. Although moderate magnitude eruptions in Iceland may potentially disperse ash clouds over Europe, it appears that only large magnitude events in more distant regions have generally had this capacity and then only when suitable meteorological conditions prevailed. Nevertheless, the cryptotephra records demonstrate that ash clouds from most volcanic regions capable of producing large explosive eruptions in the northern mid-to high latitudes, particularly those to the west of Europe, as well as in tropical North America, have the potential to extend to northwest Europe. Volcanic ash forecasts for this region need therefore to take into account possible risks posed not only by Icelandic eruptions, but also by any large magnitude eruptions in North America or the North Pacific area.

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confidence: 99%

Defining the potential source region of volcanic ash in northwest Europe during the Mid- to Late Holocene

Plunkett

Pilcher

2018

Earth-Science Reviews

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“…Given the proximity to Iceland, coring sites 905 and 909 might have received coarse‐grained volcanic particles (50–100 μm), which have been reported to travel more than 2,000 km during severe storms (Navrátil et al, ). Today, aeolian dust deposition rates of 50 to 500 g·m −2 ·year −1 have been inferred for offshore areas near the southern coast of Iceland, which decline to much lower rates of 2–5 g·m −2 ·year −1 close to our coring sites (Arnalds et al, , ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synchronous Changes in Sediment Transport and Provenance at the Iceland‐Faroe Ridge Linked to Millennial Climate Variability From 55 to 6 ka BP

Mirzaloo

Nürnberg

Kienast

et al. 2019

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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Unique marine sediment cores retrieved from the southwestern slope of the Iceland‐Faroe Ridge (IFR), close to the main axis of the Iceland‐Scotland Overflow Water (ISOW), revealed prominent sedimentary cycles reflecting near‐bottom current dynamics, sediment transport, and deposition, coincident with Dansgaard‐Oeschger cycles and deglacial perturbations of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. The transition between Greenland Stadials (GSs) and Greenland Interstadials (GIs) follows a distinct, recurring sedimentation pattern. Basaltic (Ti‐rich) silts were transported from local volcanic sources by strong bottom currents and deposited during GIs comparable to modern ocean circulation. Finer‐grained felsic (K‐rich) sediments were deposited during GSs, when Iceland‐Scotland Overflow was weak. Possible felsic source areas include British‐Ireland and/or Fennoscandian shelf areas. A cyclic sawtooth pattern of bottom current strength is characterized by gradual intensification during GIs followed by a sharp decline toward GSs as is documented at core sites along the flank of Reykjanes Ridge. The cores north of the Faroe Channel instead document the opposite pattern. This suggests that the near‐bottom currents along the Reykjanes Ridge are strongly controlled by the flow cascading over the IFR. Heinrich‐(like) HS‐1 and HS‐2, are characterized by the deposition of very fine felsic sediments pointing to weakened bottom currents. Distinct coarse‐grained intervals of ice‐rafted debris are absent from the sediment records, although pebble‐ and gravel‐sized ice‐rafted debris is irregularly distributed throughout the fine sediment matrix. Near‐bottom currents are considered to have a major control on the lithogenic sediment deposition southwest of the IFR and further downstream.

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“…Bivariate elemental plots of glass compositions of cryptotephra horizons identified in northern Polish lakes (this study) compared with other distal and proximal tephra data: (A–D) Askja ad 1875 (Stivrins et al ., 2016; Wulf et al ., 2016; Tylmann et al ., 2016; Luongo et al ., 2017; Kalliokoski et al ., 2019; Vakhrameeva et al ., 2020; Tephrabase, 2020) and Hekla ad 1845 (Wastegård, 2002; Watson et al ., 2015, 2017b), (E–H) Eyjafjallajökull ad 2010 (Navrátil et al ., 2013; Laeger et al ., 2017; this study: Supporting information Appendix 1), Grímsvötn (Óladóttir et al ., 2011; this study: Supporting information Appendix 1), Hekla (historical tephras: Larsen et al ., 1999; Höskuldsson et al ., 2007; Moune et al ., 2007; Tephrabase, 2020), and modern Kamchatkan tephras from Shiveluch and Kliuchevskoi volcanoes (Ponomareva et al ., 2015; Portnyagin et al ., 2020). Data from this study are shown with symbols, while reference data are shown with envelopes.…”

Section: Study Sites and Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4B). The most distal depositions of the Eyjafjallajökull ad 2010 tephra were recorded in the Czech Republic (Navrátil et al ., 2013), Italy (Lettino et al ., 2012; Rossini et al ., 2012), Spain (Revuelta et al ., 2012) and Hungary (Stevenson et al ., 2012). The new potential finding in Lake Wąsoskie in north central Poland extends the existing tephra deposition map towards the east (Fig.…”

Section: Implications: Tephra Dispersal Patternmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of the historical Askja ad 1875 and modern Icelandic cryptotephras in varved lake sediments – results from a first systematic search in northern Poland

Kinder

Wulf

Appelt

2020

J Quaternary Science

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Volcanic ash can disperse thousands of kilometres from the source volcano and provide valuable chronostratigraphic markers for palaeoclimate studies. We present new cryptotephra findings of historical and modern Icelandic eruptions in annually laminated lacustrine sediment records from several sites within a 570 km SW-NE transect across northern Poland. Sediments from the two lakes Wąsoskie and Szurpiły contain glass shards originating from the Plinian Askja AD 1875 eruption and showing bimodal, rhyolitic and dacitic affinities. A further cryptotephra finding in Lake Lubińskie suggests a potential origin from the Hekla AD 1845 eruption. These new findings extend the tephra dispersal map towards the southeast and provide valuable isochrons for the synchronisation of palaeoclimate proxy data at the termination of the Little Ice Age in central eastern Europe. Very low glass concentrations of modern cryptotephra in Lake Wąsoskie were potentially correlated with the Eyjafjallajökull AD 2010 eruption. Further findings in the uppermost sediments of lakes Szurpiły and Żabińskie in northeastern Poland tentatively suggest other sources from either the Hekla and/or Kamchatkan volcanoes.

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Volcanic ash particulate matter from the 2010 Eyjafjallajökull eruption in dust deposition at Prague, central Europe

Cited by 12 publications

References 27 publications

Defining the potential source region of volcanic ash in northwest Europe during the Mid- to Late Holocene

Defining the potential source region of volcanic ash in northwest Europe during the Mid- to Late Holocene

Synchronous Changes in Sediment Transport and Provenance at the Iceland‐Faroe Ridge Linked to Millennial Climate Variability From 55 to 6 ka BP

Detection of the historical Askja ad 1875 and modern Icelandic cryptotephras in varved lake sediments – results from a first systematic search in northern Poland

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