Volcanic Hazard Map: An Introduction and Overseas Cases

Abstract

In the case of the volcanic eruption of Mount Usu in 2000, there were no victims because the evacuation activities were carried out smoothly, as people made great use of the hazard map of Usu Volcano as a source of information. Also, the Mount Fuji Hazard Map Committee started work in 2001, scheduled to publicize the results in the near future. Although volcanic hazard maps have only recently captured the attention to people in Japan, they have been used in various overseas countries for many years. This paper summarizes the definition of volcanic hazard maps and the method of making volcanic hazard maps, classifies and analyzes the collected foreign cases, and introduces representative examples.

Creating a digital database of tephra fallout distribution and frequency in Japan

“…Quantitative tephra fall hazard assessment has been performed using two major approaches: deterministic and probabilistic. Deterministic approaches using eruption scenarios based on historical literature and observation records have been adopted worldwide, particularly for producing volcanic hazard maps (e.g., Waythomas et al, 1998;Nakasuji and Satake, 2004;Becker et al, 2010;Takarada, 2017;Fujita et al, 2019). Probabilistic approaches can be divided into "objective" (e.g., frequentist; Cox and Lewis, 1966) and "subjective" (e.g., expert elicitation; Budnitz et al, 1997).…”