Voltage against current curves of cation exchange membranes

Rubinstein, Isaak; Shtilman, L.

doi:10.1039/f29797500231

Cited by 393 publications

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“…A nonlinear electrokinetic effect known as Induced Charge Electroosmosis (ICEO) (Murtsovkin 1996;Squires & Bazant 2004) produces vortices at the edges of nanopores resembling recirculation vortices in separated flows even though the Reynolds number in such applications is essentially zero. Mixing due to these flow structures (Yossifon & Chang 2008;Chang & Yossifon 2009;Chang et al 2012) together with electroconvective instabilities (Zaltzman & Rubinstein 2007) are thought to be responsible for the "overlimiting" behaviour of the current-voltage characteristics of perm selective pores and membranes described by Rubinstein & Shtilman (1979). Similar vortical structures may be generated in cylindrical channels that undergo a sudden constriction when the relevant length scales are on the order of the Debye length (Park et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Electro-osmotic flow through a nanopore

2014

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Electroosmotic pumping of fluid through a nanopore that traverses an insulating membrane is considered. The density of surface charge on the membrane is assumed uniform, and sufficiently low for the Poisson-Boltzmann equation to be linearized. The reciprocal theorem gives the flow rate generated by an applied weak electric field, expressed as an integral over the fluid volume. For a circular hole in a membrane of zero thickness, an analytical result is possible up to quadrature. For a membrane of arbitrary thickness, the full Poisson-Nernst-Planck-Stokes system of equations is solved numerically using a finite volume method. The numerical solution agrees with the standard analytical result for electro-osmotic flux through a long cylindrical pore when the membrane thickness is large compared to the hole diameter. When the membrane thickness is small, the flow rate agrees with that calculated using the reciprocal theorem.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Electro-osmotic flow through a nanopore

2014

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“…The Where j J r , is the ion flux density, φ is the electric potential, V r is the fluid velocity vector, 0 ε is the dielectric permittivity of vacuum and ε is the relative permittivity of the medium. Rubinstein and Shtilman were the first who solved the extended Nerst-Planck equation for overlimiting currents [84]. They found out that the solution of these equations implied an increase with the current density of the space charge region thickness, becoming comparable to the thickness of the diffusion boundary layer.…”

Section: Electroconvectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of transport properties of Ni(II) through a Nafion cation-exchange membrane in chromic acid solutions

Martí-Calatayud

García-Gabaldón

Pérez-Herranz

et al. 2011

Journal of Membrane Science

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Acknowledgements / Agradecimientos / AgraïmentsEn primer lugar quisiera agradecer a Valentín y a Montse por haberme dado la oportunidad de investigar con ellos, por introducirme en un mundo que me ha fascinado, por haberme dirigido, por haberme ayudado en momentos de desasosiego; porque, en definitiva, creo que hemos formado un gran equipo.Quisiera agradecer a la Universitat Politècnica de València la financiación recibida para realizar la tesis. En general, he de agradecer al sistema de educación pública que ha permitido que un hijo de trabajadores como yo haya podido llegar hasta aquí. Además, quiero aprovechar para exigir un sistema de educación público, de calidad, e igualitario, que forme a personas con espíritu crítico y libre; puesto que sólo así se conseguirá que progresemos como sociedad.I would also like to thank to all the people from the group of Chemical Process Engineering of the RWTH Aachen University, especially to Matthias Wessling and Said Abdu, for accepting me in their research group. They have been very kind to me and I have learnt a lot from them and from this fruitful and unforgettable experience in Aachen.También quisiera agradecer a Daniella Buzzi por haberme dejado ser su "chefinho", por tantos momentos buenos y algún que otro momento crítico vividos juntos, porque es bonito saber que tengo una gran amiga al otro lado del charco.Gracias al Grupo IEC, en especial a mis compañeros, con los que he pasado más momentos juntos. Ellos han sido mi familia investigadora. Gracias a Isaac y Carlos, porque han sido para mí un referente, a Jordi y Ramón, porque han estado desde el principio, han sido como mis hermanos, y a Vir y Tepe, ellas han contribuido a que haya un ambiente de trabajo inmejorable! Quiero también dar las gracias al resto de componentes del grupo por su ayuda, en especial a Emma Ortega, a José Luis Guiñón por su ayuda con los equilibrios, y a Anna Igual porque con su energía consigue contagiar su pasión por la investigación.El fruto del trabajo de todos estos años tampoco sería posible sin los momentos vividos junto a mis amigos, el "Kanchy". Ellos son "los de toda la vida", los que siempre han estado, están y estarán ahí. Quisiera hacer mención especial a Lidia por su ayuda con la Tesis, y cómo no, a Sergio, porque juntos hemos arreglado el mundo un millón de veces… ¡para volverlo a destrozar otras tantas! No quiero olvidarme de ninguna de las personas con las que he coincidido y he pasado buenos momentos tanto en Valencia, como en Berlín o en Aachen… Maite, Laura, Guillaume… es imposible nombrarlos a todos… pero quiero agradecer en especial a Tania, porque con ella no existe el tiempo ni la distancia, sé que siempre está ahí a mi lado.Ha arribat el moment d'agrair a les quimixiques els grans moments viscuts. Amb elles hem format una gran família. Em sent molt afortunat d'haver caigut en un grup tan de "puça mare": gràcies a les Silvies, Elena, Gabriel·la, Angeleta, Rosa de Xeraco, Alicia, i en especial a Susana, la meua companya de batalles, i a Ingrid, una gran amiga.Per últim...

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“…A number of different mechanisms have been suggested as explanation for this overlimiting current, most of which are probably important for some system configuration or another. The suggested mechanisms include bulk conduction through the extended space-charge region [4,5], current induced membrane discharge [6], water-splitting effects [7,8], electroosmotic instability [9,10], and most recently, electro-hydrodynamic chaos [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentration polarization, surface currents, and bulk advection in a microchannel

Nielsen

Bruus

2014

Phys. Rev. E

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We present a comprehensive analysis of salt transport and overlimiting currents in a microchannel during concentration polarization. We have carried out full numerical simulations of the coupled Poisson-Nernst-Planck-Stokes problem governing the transport and rationalized the behaviour of the system. A remarkable outcome of the investigations is the discovery of strong couplings between bulk advection and the surface current; without a surface current, bulk advection is strongly suppressed. The numerical simulations are supplemented by analytical models valid in the long channel limit as well as in the limit of negligible surface charge. By including the effects of diffusion and advection in the diffuse part of the electric double layers, we extend a recently published analytical model of overlimiting current due to surface conduction.

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Voltage against current curves of cation exchange membranes

Abstract: The voltage against current curves of cation exchange membranes have been studied. They have a characteristic shape with a region of slow current variation (the plateau) followed by a region of accelerated current growth as the voltage is increased (the inflexion).

Cited by 393 publications

References 0 publications

Electro-osmotic flow through a nanopore

Electro-osmotic flow through a nanopore

Determination of transport properties of Ni(II) through a Nafion cation-exchange membrane in chromic acid solutions

Concentration polarization, surface currents, and bulk advection in a microchannel

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