List of Acronyms and Abbreviations AFDD automated fault detection and diagnosis BAS building automation system BEM building energy modeling BTO Building Technologies Office DER distributed energy resource DOE U.S. Department of Energy GEB grid-interactive efficient building HVAC heating, ventilation, and air conditioning MPC model predictive control M&V measurement and verification PV photovoltaic R&D research and development T&D transmission and distribution v GRID-INTERACTIVE EFFICIENT BUILDINGS TECHNICAL REPORT SERIES: Whole-Building Controls, Sensors, Modeling, and Analytics Glossary These definitions are for the purposes of the Grid-interactive Efficient Buildings Technical Report Series. They may be defined differently or more generally in other contexts. Grid services Services that support the generation, transmission, and distribution of electricity and provide value through avoided electricity generation and/or delivery costs; this report series focuses on grid services that can be provided by grid-interactive efficient buildings. Distributed energy resource (DER) A behind-the-meter resource that provides electricity generation, storage, or demand flexibility. Examples of DERs include solar photovoltaics (PV), wind, combined heat and power, stationary batteries, electric vehicles, and demand flexibility mechanisms such as smart thermostats, connected building automation systems (BAS), and other remotely controllable loads (National Association of Regulatory Utility Commissioners 2016). Energy efficiency Ongoing reduction in annual energy use to provide the same or improved level of building function. Demand flexibility Capability of DERs to adjust a building's load profile across different timescales; energy flexibility and load flexibility are often used interchangeably with demand flexibility. Demand response Activation of demand flexibility in response to price signals or explicit commands from the grid. Grid-interactive efficient building (GEB) An energy-efficient building that uses smart technologies and on-site DERs to provide demand flexibility while co-optimizing for energy cost, grid services, and occupant needs and preferences in a continuous and integrated way. Smart technologies for energy management Controls, sensors, models and analytics used to manage energy efficiency and demand flexibility in buildings and DERs. GEBs are characterized by their use of these technologies.