Voltage clamp effects on bacterial chemotaxis

Margolin, Yael; Eisenbach, Michael

doi:10.1128/jb.159.2.605-610.1984

Cited by 20 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…However, chemotactic responses of E. coli to aspartate are not mediated by any such long-range signaling system. Chemotactic responses of E. coli to serine are normal under valinotnycin-induced voltage clamp, indicating that these responses also are not mediated by changes in membrane potential (39).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Chemotactic signaling in filamentous cells of Escherichia coli

1985

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Video techniques were used to record chemotactic responses of filamentous cells of Escherichia coli stimulated iontophoretically with aspartate. Long, nonseptate cells were produced from polyhook strains either by introducing a cell division mutation or by growth in the presence of cephalexin. Markers indicating rotation of flagellar motors were attached with anti-hook antibodies. Aspartate was applied by iontophoretic ejection from a micropipette, and the effects on the direction of rotation of the markers were measured. Motors near the pipette responded, whereas those sufficiently far away did not, even when the pipette was near the cell surface. The response of a given motor decreased as the pipette was moved away, but it did so less steeply when the pipette remained near the cell surface than when it was moved out into the external medium. This shows that there is an internal signal, but its range is short, only a few micrometers. These experiments rule out signaling by changes in membrane potential, by simple release or binding of a small molecule, or by diffusion of the receptor-attractant complex. A likely candidate for the signal is a protein or ligand that is activated by the receptor and inactivated as it diffuses through the cytoplasm. The range of the signal was found to be substantially longer in a cheZ mutant, suggesting that the product of the cheZ gene contributes to this inactivation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Signals that have been proposed include membrane potential (64), free calcium ion (44), cyclic GMP (15), and transmembrane ion fluxes (34,64). Several studies have shown that membrane potentials are not likely to be involved in signaling in E. coli (39,43,61), although this mechanism remains viable for some longer bacteria, e.g., spirochetes (24,25).…”

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confidence: 99%

Chemotactic signaling in filamentous cells of Escherichia coli

1985

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“…In bacterial chemotaxis it is still controversial whether or not changes in the membrane potential are involved in the sensory transduction. Voltage clamp effects indicate that the information transduction to the flagellar motors does not require electrical steps (157).…”

Section: Halobacterium Sppmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photosensory behavior in procaryotes.

Häder¹

1987

Microbiological Reviews

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“…In order to study electrogenic properties of bacterial membrane proteins, the proteins are usually cloned and expressed in Xenopus oocytes, which removes the downstream effects seen in the native cells (Schmies et al, 2001 ). The role of membrane potential in prokaryotic cell signaling is well known, but not fully understood (Szmelcman and Adler, 1976 ; Margolin and Eisenbach, 1984 ; Ordal, 1985 ; Tisa et al, 1993 ). When elucidated, the mechanisms used by bacteria to regulate membrane potential may help shed light on evolution of memory, olfaction, and other complex functions (Eisenbach, 1982 ; Eisenbach et al, 1983a , b ; Goulbourne and Greenberg, 1983 ; Vladimirov and Sourjik, 2009 ; Lyon, 2015 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Initial photophysical characterization of the proteorhodopsin optical proton sensor (PROPS)

Nadeau

2015

Front. Neurosci.

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Fluorescence is not frequently used as a tool for investigating the photocycles of rhodopsins, largely because of the low quantum yield of the retinal chromophore. However, a new class of genetically encoded voltage sensors is based upon rhodopsins and their fluorescence. The first such sensor reported in the literature was the proteorhodopsin optical proton sensor (PROPS), which is capable of indicating membrane voltage changes in bacteria by means of changes in fluorescence. However, the properties of this fluorescence, such as its lifetime decay components and its origin in the protein photocycle, remain unknown. This paper reports steady-state and nanosecond time-resolved emission of this protein expressed in two strains of Escherichia coli, before and after membrane depolarization. The voltage-dependence of a particularly long lifetime component is established. Additional work to improve quantum yields and improve the general utility of PROPS is suggested.

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Voltage clamp effects on bacterial chemotaxis

Cited by 20 publications

References 65 publications

Chemotactic signaling in filamentous cells of Escherichia coli

Chemotactic signaling in filamentous cells of Escherichia coli

Photosensory behavior in procaryotes.

Initial photophysical characterization of the proteorhodopsin optical proton sensor (PROPS)

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