Voltage-current characteristics of metal oxide varistors for low voltage telephone lightning protector under the application of multiple lightning impulse

Yaacob, Maslina; Ghani, Rasli Abd

doi:10.1109/elinsl.1998.694833

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 1 publication

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…These factors raise questions concerning the susceptibility of dielectric granules to arc‐related damage and their implications for performance stability. Previous investigations of high‐power surge‐induced damage have concentrated primarily on metal oxide‐based varistor materials exhibiting thermal runaway, puncturing, and cracking being the most common damage mechanisms 21–24 . In this study, we investigate arc discharge effects on high permittivity lead–magnesium–niobate–lead titanate (PMN–PT) ceramic granules induced by fast‐rise arc breakdown (FRB) in a spark‐gap geometry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous investigations of high-power surgeinduced damage have concentrated primarily on metal oxide-based varistor materials exhibiting thermal runaway, puncturing, and cracking being the most common damage mechanisms. [21][22][23][24] In this study, we investigate arc discharge effects on high permittivity lead-magnesiumniobate-lead titanate (PMN-PT) ceramic granules induced by fast-rise arc breakdown (FRB) in a spark-gap geometry. PMN-PT granules prepared in a 50:50 composition behave as regular ferroelectrics that routinely achieve very large peak dielectric constants at their Curie temperature (e.g., >20 000, T C ∼ 250 • C).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Uncovering microstructure and composition susceptibility of high permittivity ceramic granules to plasma‐induced arc breakdown

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Effective diversion of surge currents is vital to prevent unwanted damage to sensitive electronics. Among the most successful and efficient strategies relies on a dielectric stimulated arc breakdown mechanism with high permittivity ceramic granules in a spark-gap geometry. Although generally regarded as a self-healing process, substantial energy deposition may occur that, over time, diminishes the ability to withstand repeated electrical assaults. We investigate the susceptibility of lead-magnesium-niobate-lead titanate (PMN-PT) granule microstructure and composition changes following many exposures to high voltage impulses resulting in arc breakdown. Scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy mapping reveal a broad range of thermal and mechanical defects entailing thermal reduction of constituent PMN-PT metal ions and recasting due to rapid eruption of volatile species. Additionally, evidence of local melting and microcracking are apparent that can have deleterious impact on the proper function of the granules, namely, the ability to concentrate electric fields across air gaps to establish and sustain discharge pathways. We propose that the localized nature of damage and stochasticity associated with the dielectric stimulated breakdown mechanism may allow granules to maintain functionality provided no permanent conduction paths are established.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncovering microstructure and composition susceptibility of high permittivity ceramic granules to plasma‐induced arc breakdown

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There is a huge difference from single-pulse lightning, resulting in a significant difference in heat absorption and the temperature rise of the ZnO varistor [6,7]. Compared with the single pulse, the ZnO varistor will be more severely tested under the impact of a 2 of 14 multi-pulse current due to thermal effects, such as temperature rise, changes in electrical performance parameters and its ability to withstand shocks [8]. There is little research on the thermal effect of a multi-pulse current and its interaction mechanism with ZnO varistors, especially since the microscopic grain boundary change characteristics of a ZnO varistor during the impact process are not clear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro-Degradation Characteristics and Mechanism of ZnO Varistors under Multi-Pulse Lightning Strike

Zhang

Xing

et al. 2020

Energies

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In view of the problem that ZnO varistors are often subjected to thermal breakdown and deterioration due to lightning strikes in low-voltage power distribution systems, this article used a 8/20 µs multi-pulse surge current with a pulse time interval of 50 ms to perform shock experiments on ZnO varistors. SEM scanning electron microscope and an XRD diffractometer were used to analyze the structure of the grain boundary layer and the change of the crystalline phase material of ZnO varistor under the action of a multi-pulse current. The damage mechanism of ZnO varistor under the multi-pulse current was studied at the micro level. The results show that the average impact life of different types of ZnO varistor is significantly different. It was found that the types of trace elements and grain size in the grain boundary layer will affect the ability of ZnO varistor to withstand multi-pulse current. As the number of impulses increases, the grain structure of the ZnO varistor continues to degenerate. The unevenness of internal ion migration and the nonuniformity of the micro-grain boundary layer cause the local energy density to be too large and cause the local temperature rise to be too high, which eventually causes the internal grain boundary to melt through, and the local high temperature may cause the Bi element in the ZnO varistor to change in different crystal phases.

show abstract

The effect of multiple lightning impulse on the electrical characteristics of opto-isolators

Yaacob

Aman

2008

2008 IEEE 2nd International Power and Energy Conference

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A natural lightning generates simple unidirectional double-exponential impulses which are complex and oscillatory with multiple strokes in one flash. The behavior and performance of low surge protective devices under the application of multiple lightning impulse voltage are different from the standard testing procedure. Since opto-isolator now days becomes the most common, economical and reliable device for low voltage and telecommunication systems surge protection, a precise method of testing has to be adopted based on natural characteristics of lightning to accurately determine its performance and capability. It is therefore vital to simulate this natural lightning characteristic in order to study the response of the lightning protective devices. In this paper, results of laboratory studies carried out on opto isolator which are subjected to a 1/1000ȝs, 1 kV multiple voltage impulses by using the newly constructed Multiple Impulse Generator, MIGe are presented. The electrical characteristics responses of the opto-isolator such as the forward current I f , forward voltage V f and reverse voltage V R parameters are being discussed. From the experimental work, it has been shown that the multiple voltage impulse has significant effects on the forward current I F and forward voltage V f characteristics of the opto-isolator.

show abstract

Voltage-current characteristics of metal oxide varistors for low voltage telephone lightning protector under the application of multiple lightning impulse

Cited by 3 publications

References 1 publication

Uncovering microstructure and composition susceptibility of high permittivity ceramic granules to plasma‐induced arc breakdown

Uncovering microstructure and composition susceptibility of high permittivity ceramic granules to plasma‐induced arc breakdown

Micro-Degradation Characteristics and Mechanism of ZnO Varistors under Multi-Pulse Lightning Strike

The effect of multiple lightning impulse on the electrical characteristics of opto-isolators

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About