Voltammetric determination of the antimalarial drug chloroquine using a glassy carbon electrode modified with reduced graphene oxide on WS2 quantum dots

Srivastava, Monika; Tiwari, Preeti; Mall, Vineet Kumar; Srivastava, Saurabh; Prakash, Rajiv

doi:10.1007/s00604-019-3525-3

Cited by 38 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…I pa (μA) = 0.163 [mV/s] + 5.65 was found to be the linear regression equation, with a correlation coefficient of R 2 = 0.993, suggesting a diffusion-controlled electrode reaction of CQL at the Nafion/Fe 3 O 4 /LSG electrodes. 76 , 77 E pa and υ relationship can be defined using Laviron’s equation ( eq 2 ) in the context of a diffusion-controlled electrochemical irreversible process. 60 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser-scribed Graphene Electrodes Functionalized with Nafion/Fe₃O₄Nanohybrids for the Ultrasensitive Detection of Neurotoxin Drug Clioquinol

et al. 2022

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The analysis of pharmaceutical active ingredients plays an important role in quality control and clinical trials because they have a significant physiological effect on the human body even at low concentrations. Herein, a flexible three-electrode system using laser-scribed graphene (LSG) technology, which consists of Nafion/Fe 3 O 4 nanohybrids immobilized on LSG as the working electrode and LSG counter and reference electrodes on a single polyimide film, is presented. A Nafion/Fe 3 O 4 /LSG electrode is constructed by drop coating a solution of Nafion/Fe 3 O 4 , which is electrostatically self-assembled between positively charged Fe 3 O 4 and negatively charged Nafion on the LSG electrode and is used for the first time to determine a neurotoxicity drug (clioquinol; CQL) in biological samples. Owing to their porous 3D structure, an enriched surface area at the active edges and polar groups (OH, COOH, and −SO 3 H) in Nafion/Fe 3 O 4 /LSG electrodes resulted in excellent wettability to facilitate electrolyte diffusion, which gave ∼twofold enhancement in electrocatalytic activity over LSG electrodes. The experimental parameters affecting the analytical performance were investigated. The quantification of clioquinol on the Nafion/Fe 3 O 4 /LSG electrode surface was examined using differential pulse voltammetry and chronoamperometry techniques. The fabricated sensor displays preferable sensitivity (17.4 μA μM –1 cm –2 ), a wide linear range (1 nM to 100 μM), a very low detection limit (0.73 nM), and acceptable selectivity toward quantitative analysis of CQL. Furthermore, the reliability of the sensor was checked by CQL detection in spiked human blood serum and urine samples, and satisfactory recoveries were obtained.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser-scribed Graphene Electrodes Functionalized with Nafion/Fe₃O₄Nanohybrids for the Ultrasensitive Detection of Neurotoxin Drug Clioquinol

et al. 2022

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“…This anodic peak may be related to the irreversible oxidation of the N-heterocyclic nitrogen of the aminoquinoline portion and the nitrogen of the alkylaminoside group of the chloroquine molecule chain (inset Fig. 3 a) [ 7 , 24 – 26 ]. In Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another common pharmaceutical often searched and currently taken without medical prescription is chloroquine (CQ). This anti-malarial drug has been extensively used to treat malaria and eliminate prophylaxis [ 7 ]. Recently, the use of CQ has been reported as one of ten medications currently being evaluated as a potential treatment for COVID-19 [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of paper-based analytical devices using a PLA 3D-printed stencil for electrochemical determination of chloroquine and escitalopram

Silva

Sousa

Simões

et al. 2021

J Solid State Electrochem

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“…A voltammetric method with a modified glassy carbon electrode with reduced graphene oxide layers containing WS2 quantum dots for CQ determination has been reported. [82] The cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry have been used. Linearity in the concentration range from 0.5 lM to 82 lM CQ, and a LOD in the range of 40-120 nM.…”

Section: Electroanalytical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical Methods on Determination in Pharmaceuticals and Biological Materials of Chloroquine as Available for the Treatment of COVID-19

Saka

2020

Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry

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With the outbreak caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (COVID-19), people's health and existing economies on a global scale are seriously threatened. Currently, most of the countries all over the world are studying extensively to better understand the antimalarial chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) for therapeutic purposes due to the COVID-19 outbreak. However, CQ and HCQ can have serious side effects, from psychiatric effects to sudden death. Therefore, a faster and more effective detection method is needed to monitor drug concentrations. In this review, a large study was conducted on the detection techniques and quantitative determination methods of CQ and its related metabolites. In this review, chromatography, electrophoresis, electroanalytical, spectroscopic, and immunological methods for CQ and related metabolites are discussed extensively. It is hoped that a better understanding of the CQ used for therapeutic purposes in the COVID-19 outbreak will be provided.

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Voltammetric determination of the antimalarial drug chloroquine using a glassy carbon electrode modified with reduced graphene oxide on WS2 quantum dots

Cited by 38 publications

References 47 publications

Laser-scribed Graphene Electrodes Functionalized with Nafion/Fe₃O₄Nanohybrids for the Ultrasensitive Detection of Neurotoxin Drug Clioquinol

Laser-scribed Graphene Electrodes Functionalized with Nafion/Fe₃O₄Nanohybrids for the Ultrasensitive Detection of Neurotoxin Drug Clioquinol

Fabrication of paper-based analytical devices using a PLA 3D-printed stencil for electrochemical determination of chloroquine and escitalopram

Analytical Methods on Determination in Pharmaceuticals and Biological Materials of Chloroquine as Available for the Treatment of COVID-19

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Voltammetric determination of the antimalarial drug chloroquine using a glassy carbon electrode modified with reduced graphene oxide on WS2 quantum dots

Cited by 38 publications

References 47 publications

Laser-scribed Graphene Electrodes Functionalized with Nafion/Fe3O4Nanohybrids for the Ultrasensitive Detection of Neurotoxin Drug Clioquinol

Laser-scribed Graphene Electrodes Functionalized with Nafion/Fe3O4Nanohybrids for the Ultrasensitive Detection of Neurotoxin Drug Clioquinol

Fabrication of paper-based analytical devices using a PLA 3D-printed stencil for electrochemical determination of chloroquine and escitalopram

Analytical Methods on Determination in Pharmaceuticals and Biological Materials of Chloroquine as Available for the Treatment of COVID-19

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Product

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Laser-scribed Graphene Electrodes Functionalized with Nafion/Fe₃O₄Nanohybrids for the Ultrasensitive Detection of Neurotoxin Drug Clioquinol

Laser-scribed Graphene Electrodes Functionalized with Nafion/Fe₃O₄Nanohybrids for the Ultrasensitive Detection of Neurotoxin Drug Clioquinol