Voltammetric determination of zolpidem by using glassy carbon electrode modified with Ag/ZnO nanoplates

Abstract

Zolpidem is an imidazopyridine derivative, non-benzodiazepine and sedative-hypnotic medicine. It is a widely prescribed medication in adults used for the short-term treatment of a sleep problem called insomnia and frequent awakenings. In this work, the zolpidem was determined using Ag/ZnO nanoplates modified glassy carbon electrode (Ag-ZnO/GCE). Electrochemical behavior of the zolpidem was investigated by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), chronoamperometry (CHA), and cyclic voltammetry (CV) using the Ag-ZnO/GCE. The results revealed that, the current responses of the zolpidem improved significantly due to the high catalytic activity and electron transfer reaction of nanoplates. The linear range of zolpidem was found to be from 0.1 µM to 500.0 µM with the detection limit of 0.03 µM. In addition, this original sensor showed numerous benefits such as reproducibility, high stability, and rapid response (20 s).

Differential Pulse Voltammetric Analysis of Hydrazine in Water Samples by Using Screen-Printed Graphite Electrode Modified with Nitrogen-Doped Hollow Carbon Spheres

“…Despite many advantages of excellent accuracy and sensitivity for all these methods, they have some bottlenecks, such as being time-consuming, having high cost, and having a high maintenance limit. Electrochemical determinations have attracted further attention recently, because of their appreciable merits, such as ease of use, cost-effectiveness, simplicity, rapidity, exceptional sensitivity, broad linear range, and feasibility of miniaturization. − Nevertheless, many of fabricated electrochemical sensors have shortcomings in the selectivity and sensitivity of determination for real sample analysis. Hence, novel electrochemical sensors should be developed with higher selectivity and sensitivity in real applications. − …”

Electrochemical strategies for detection of Diazinon: A review

“…This is due to the fact that the interactions between different materials when they are at the nanoscale (10 −9 m), are able to generate new properties where unique phenomena may occur, different from those observed at the macroscopic scale, thus giving rise to the possibility of new applications for these materials [71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90]. Various materials such as carbon-based nanomaterials, metal oxides, metals complex, polymers, and biological compounds can be used to modify electrode surfaces [91][92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101][102][103][104][105][106][107].…”