Voltammetric DNA Sensor Based on Redox-Active Dyes for Determining Doxorubicin

Abstract

We proposed a voltammetric DNA sensor based on glassy carbon modified with carbon black, pillar[5]arene, and electropolymerized Neutral Red. To increase signal sensitivity, Methylene Blue in monomeric and polymeric forms was introduced into the surface layer of the DNA sensor as a specific DNA intercalator and electron transfer mediator. The electrochemical characteristics of the coating are determined, depending on the composition and the preparation method; a consistent change in the peak currents of dyes is observed during the incubation of a DNA sensor in a solution of doxorubicin as a model anticancer drug. Under optimal conditions, the DNA sensor enables the determination of 10 nM to 0.1 mM of doxorubicin. Doxorubicin can also be determined in synthetic blood plasma.

One-Step Electropolymerization of Azure A and Carbon Nanomaterials for DNA-Sensor Assembling and Doxorubicin Biosensing

“…Cytostatic drugs are present in biological fluids of oncology patients at subnanomolar concentrations, so there is an urgent need for detecting doxorubicin at its low levels in complex biological matrices. Today, doxorubicin can be detected by several physicochemical methods, such as spectrofluorimetry [6], spectrophotometry [7], surface plasmon resonance [8], high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV [9], or fluorometric [10] detector and electrochemical methods [11,12]. Chromatographic approaches show high sensitivity and selectivity, but are time-consuming and require high-cleaned solvents and reactants, as well as high qualification of staff.…”

Electrochemical Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(Rhodamine B) Coating on FTO

“…11 Such films are typically developed from the polymerization of azines using potential cycling (cyclic voltammetry (CV)), or at constant applied potential (Chronoamperometry (CA)). 12 Up to date, various phenazine-dye electroactive conducting polymers have been reported as sensors, 13 including methylene blue, 14 azur A, 15 toluidine blue, 16 methylene green, 17 neutral red 18 and phenosafranine. 19 Rhodamine derivatives as a group of xanthene dyes, have been widely used as fluorescent labeling reagents and dye laser sources thanks to their exceptional spectroscopic properties, including high fluorescence quantum yield, visible light excitation, and longwavelength emission.…”