Voltammetric methods for speciation analysis of trace metals in natural waters

Han, Haitao; Pan, Dawei

doi:10.1016/j.teac.2021.e00119

Cited by 21 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 157 publications

(219 reference statements)

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“…Sample processing prior to ESA must ensure that the sample is well buffered at the optimal pH for analysis. In environmental and biological samples, heavy metals are found as free hydrated cations, as complexes with organic ligands (humic and fulvic acids) and inorganic anions (Cl−, SO4 2−) or adsorbed on colloidal matter [84][85][86] . As the pH of the sample decreases, metals are released from their bound form as free metal cations, leading to an enhanced stripping response 19,87 .…”

Section: Sample Preparation and Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prior to quantification, stripping peaks should be assigned to the corresponding chemical species. This is particularly important in metal analysis because different oxidation states or complexed forms, such as free metal and labile or inert complexes, will result in peaks with different peak potential and height 85,94 . In stripping voltammetry, peak current values are usually considered as the analytical parameter, although the use of peak area is preferable for voltammograms with an intricate baseline or non-Gaussian peak shape (Fig.…”

Section: Sample Preparation and Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrochemical stripping analysis

Ariño

Banks

Bobrowski

et al. 2022

Nat Rev Methods Primers

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Electrochemical stripping analysis (ESA) is a trace electroanalytical technique for the determination of metal cations, inorganic ions, organic compounds and biomolecules. It is based on a pre-concentration step of the target analyte(s), or a compound of the target, on a suitable working electrode. This is followed by a stripping step of the accumulated analyte using an electroanalytical technique. Advantages of ESA include high sensitivity and low limits of detection, multi-analyte capability, low cost of instrumentation and consumables, low power requirements, potential for on-site analysis, speciation capability and scope for indirect biosensing. This Primer covers fundamental aspects of ESA and discusses methods of pre-concentration and stripping, instrumentation, types of working electrodes and sensors, guidelines for method optimization, typical applications, data interpretation and interferences, and method limitations and workarounds. Finally, the current trends and future prospects of ESA are highlighted.

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Section: Sample Preparation and Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sample Preparation and Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical stripping analysis

Ariño

Banks

Bobrowski

et al. 2022

Nat Rev Methods Primers

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“…Though redox speciation plays an important role in the cycling and fate of dissolved marine trace metals, redox speciation is beyond the scope of this chapter, but some redox species can be quantified in seawater samples (e.g. Boye et al 2006;Bruland et al 2014;Gledhill and van den Berg 1995;Han and Pan 2021;Oldham et al 2021;Pađan et al 2019;Sander et al 2009;Stumm and Morgan 1996). Here, we focus solely on the chemical speciation, i.e.…”

Section: Trace Metal Speciation Measurement Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trace Metals

Middag

Zitoun

Conway

2022

Marine Analytical Chemistry

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In this chapter an overview of sampling and analytical techniques for the marine trace metals (and their stable isotope ratios) is given, focusing largely on the six bio-essential transition metals (iron, manganese, copper, nickel, zinc and cobalt). The aim of this chapter is to introduce the reader to the breadth of techniques and methods currently available to study the biogeochemical cycles of trace metals and their isotopes in the ocean. We note that we do not cover all existing and historical techniques as some are no longer used, some remain immature for trace metal studies, and some are just emerging or are still being developed. A more detailed focus on the methods used by the authors is also provided. We anticipate the continuing development and refinement of methods; as with any expanding and developing scientific field, novel strategies and techniques continuously come and go. For further background reading on marine trace metal distribution and key biogeochemical processes in the ocean, the reader is referred throughout the chapter to appropriate overviews, articles and textbooks available online, including the freely available GEOTRACES electronic atlas and data products, as well as the GEOTRACES 'cookbook'. Keywords:Marine trace metal biogeochemistry • Marine trace metal sampling • Marine trace metal sample handling • Marine trace metal analysis • Marine metal stable isotope analysis • Marine trace metal speciation analysis 3.1

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“…Other approaches involve the use of in situ measurements built on the hyphenation of a separation technique such as a gel-integrated microelectrode (GIME) [ 5 , 6 ] or a permeation liquid membrane (PLM) [ 7 ] hyphenated with an electrochemical detection system. Electrochemical techniques have also demonstrated their suitability for the in situ analysis of metal speciation with minimal sample preparation, reducing the risk of sample contamination and, consequently, the risk of speciation change [ 8 ]. Thus, direct in situ measurements such as the Absence of Gradient and Nernstian Equilibrium Stripping (AGNES) [ 9 , 10 , 11 ] or competitive ligand exchange-stripping voltammetry (CLE/SV) [ 12 ] were developed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ISIDORE, a Probe for In Situ Trace Metal Speciation Based on the Donnan Membrane Technique and Electrochemical Detection Part 2: Cd and Pb Measurements during the Accumulation Time of the Donnan Membrane Technique

et al. 2023

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The Donnan membrane technique (DMT), in which a synthetic or natural solution (the “donor”) is separated from a ligand-free solution (the “acceptor”) by a cation-exchange membrane, is a recognized technique for measuring the concentration of a free metal ion in situ, with coupling to electrochemical detection allowing for the quantification of the free metal ion directly on site. However, the use of the DMT requires waiting for the free metal ion equilibrium between the donor and the acceptor solution. In this paper, we investigated the possibility of using the kinetic information and showed that non-equilibrium experimental calibrations of Cd and Pb with the ISIDORE probe could be used to measure free metal concentrations under conditions of membrane-controlled diffusion transport. The application of this dynamic approach made it possible to successfully determine the concentration of free Cd in synthetic and natural river samples. Furthermore, it was found that the determination of free Cd from the slope was not affected by the Ca concentration ratio between the acceptor and donor solution, as opposed to the traditional approach based on Donnan equilibrium. This ISIDORE probe appears to be a promising tool for determining free metal ions in natural samples.

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Voltammetric methods for speciation analysis of trace metals in natural waters

Cited by 21 publications

References 157 publications

Electrochemical stripping analysis

Electrochemical stripping analysis

Trace Metals

ISIDORE, a Probe for In Situ Trace Metal Speciation Based on the Donnan Membrane Technique and Electrochemical Detection Part 2: Cd and Pb Measurements during the Accumulation Time of the Donnan Membrane Technique

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