Voltammetry for Monitoring Platinum, Palladium and Rhodium in Environmental and Food Matrices

Abstract

The interest of researchers on quantification of Pt, Pd and Rh in the environmental and food matrices is the consequence of the production of catalytic converters for car engines. Sensitization, mutagenic effects in bacterial and mammalian cells, and increased tumour incidence are the effects of Pt, Pd and Rh at high concentrations reported in medical and occupational researches while their effects at the low environmental concentrations have not been determined. Voltammetric techniques are very advantageous to quantify PGEs in environmental and food matrices due to their intrinsic sensitivity derived from the electrochemical pre-concentration of the analyte at the electrode surface, the capability to distinguish between different redox species and/or labile from non-labile metal complexes, with applications for metal speciation studies. The analysis of PGEs by spectrophotometric methods (atomic absorption, ICP-MS, ICP-OES, etc.) suffers from several practical problems. In this article we take into consideration the research concerning environmental and food matrices from 1996 to 2022.

Nature-Based Options for Improving Urban Environmental Quality: Using Black Poplar Trees for Monitoring Heavy Metals Pollution in Urbanized Contexts

“…In addition, the patterns of foliar FA in this species appeared to be related to the contamination levels, although additional data from more intensive sampling tasks would be useful to gain a better understanding of the bioindication potential of FA measures taken on black poplar's leaves. In the future, the study could continue by determining the metals that can certainly be produced by motor vehicle traffic, such as platinum, palladium and rhodium, which are present in catalytic converters [44] Overall, the black poplar was confirmed to be an effective candidate for improving the healthiness of urban areas, where it can provide valuable nature-based options in environmental monitoring and restoration.…”

“…Such a low foliar content of Pb could be due to the fact that its absorption occurs primarily through the root system rather than through particle deposition. The presence of Pb in the soil is commonly associated with abnormal morphologies, interference with normal enzymatic activities, and reduced chlorophyll production [43,44]. Therefore, plants tend to accumulate Pb within their root system, by limiting translocation to leaves [38].…”

Fabrication of a novel palladium membrane sensor for its determination in environmental and biological samples

“…To date, different kinds of conventional analytical techniques like atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), 15 flame atomic absorption spectroscopy, 16 electro-thermal atomic absorption spectroscopy, 17 inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), 18,19 inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES), 20 X-ray fluorescence (XRF), 21 high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), 22 electrochemical methods 23 and voltammetry 24 have been widely adopted for quantitative and qualitative analysis of palladium. However, their affordability and effectiveness in detecting palladium are limited by high equipment costs and time-consuming sample pre-treatments.…”