Voltammetry measurements in lithium chloride-lithium oxide (LiCl–Li2O) salt: An evaluation of working electrode materials

Williams, Ammon N.; Cao, Guoping; Shaltry, Michael R.

doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2020.152760

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…When the concentration of Li 2 O in molten salt of LiCl reaches to solubility limit of 8.8 wt%, 25 the calculation results of the reduction potential difference (ΔV) is 0.99 V. And the measured ΔV was 0.91 V. The changing of reduction potential of lithium ion in molten salt of LiCl according to difference Li 2 O concentration was reported. 26 As the Li + ions produced from Li 2 O electrolysis act as a powerful chemical reducing agent for the uranium oxides, 27,28 the applied potential increased with increasing Li 2 O concentration.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Electrochemical Reduction of Natural Ilmenite into Ferrotitanium Alloys in a Molten Salt of LiCl-Li₂O

Yoo

Kwon

et al. 2021

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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This paper reports a promising method to decrease the operating temperature during electrolysis of natural ilmenite to produce a porous and laminar flake-type intermetallic ferrotitanium (FexTi, x = 1, 2) with a thickness of less than 1 μm by choosing a LiCl-Li2O electrolyte with a lower operating temperature (625 °C) under an inert atmosphere. Results indicate that the Li2O content in the electrolyte has a key effect on the phase transformation of natural ilmenite occurring in the electrochemical reduction process. Full conversion of natural ilmenite into ferrotitanium products can be achieved when the Li2O amount in the electrolyte and the cell voltage are approximately 1 wt.% and −2.5 V, respectively. In addition, the electrochemical reduction mechanism of natural ilmenite is proposed and discussed based on our experimental results and thermodynamic analysis.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Electrochemical Reduction of Natural Ilmenite into Ferrotitanium Alloys in a Molten Salt of LiCl-Li₂O

Yoo

Kwon

et al. 2021

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…30 On the other hand, the voltammetry measurement by Williams suggested that the passivation layer formed at the Ir electrode surface likely prevented a higher current density of O 2 evolution. 31 Further study will be required to evaluate the usefulness of the Ir anode.…”

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confidence: 99%

New Oxygen-Evolving Inert Anode Made of Nickel Metal Applicable to Electrolytic Reduction of UO₂ in LiCl–Li₂O Melt

Sakamura¹,

Murakami²,

Iizuka³

et al. 2022

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The development of an O2-evolving inert anode is of crucial importance for the electrolytic reduction process of oxide nuclear fuels using LiCl–Li2O melts at 923 K. As scaled-up anodes for practical use, metallic anodes are preferable. In this study, Fe, Ni, and Fe–Ni metals were electrochemically examined and the results indicate that Ni metal coated with NiO is a promising anode material. Ni metal is easily dissolved in LiCl in the form of Ni2+ ions over the potential range > 2.3 V (vs Li+/Li). However, in LiCl–Li2O, after NiO was formed at the surface of Ni metal, the dissolution of Ni2+ ions was inhibited and O2 evolution occurred over the potential range > 2.6 V at a high current density. Oxygen gas was stably evolved during current-controlled electrolysis at currents up to 0.6 A (0.94 A/cm2) performed using a Ni rod anode of 3 mm diameter, which was heat-treated in air and covered with a MgO protective tube at around the interface between the melt and the cover gas. Moreover, it was demonstrated that about 100 g of UO2 was completely reduced to the metallic form in 8.7 h using a Ni plate anode.

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Development, feasibility, and uncertainty of radioactive 22Na tracer dilution and gamma spectroscopy for mass determination of molten salt for pyroprocessing spent nuclear fuels

Cao

Storms²,

Coleman³

et al. 2023

J Radioanal Nucl Chem

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Voltammetry measurements in lithium chloride-lithium oxide (LiCl–Li2O) salt: An evaluation of working electrode materials

Cited by 9 publications

References 25 publications

Direct Electrochemical Reduction of Natural Ilmenite into Ferrotitanium Alloys in a Molten Salt of LiCl-Li₂O

Direct Electrochemical Reduction of Natural Ilmenite into Ferrotitanium Alloys in a Molten Salt of LiCl-Li₂O

New Oxygen-Evolving Inert Anode Made of Nickel Metal Applicable to Electrolytic Reduction of UO₂ in LiCl–Li₂O Melt

Development, feasibility, and uncertainty of radioactive 22Na tracer dilution and gamma spectroscopy for mass determination of molten salt for pyroprocessing spent nuclear fuels

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Voltammetry measurements in lithium chloride-lithium oxide (LiCl–Li2O) salt: An evaluation of working electrode materials

Cited by 9 publications

References 25 publications

Direct Electrochemical Reduction of Natural Ilmenite into Ferrotitanium Alloys in a Molten Salt of LiCl-Li2O

Direct Electrochemical Reduction of Natural Ilmenite into Ferrotitanium Alloys in a Molten Salt of LiCl-Li2O

New Oxygen-Evolving Inert Anode Made of Nickel Metal Applicable to Electrolytic Reduction of UO2 in LiCl–Li2O Melt

Development, feasibility, and uncertainty of radioactive 22Na tracer dilution and gamma spectroscopy for mass determination of molten salt for pyroprocessing spent nuclear fuels

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Direct Electrochemical Reduction of Natural Ilmenite into Ferrotitanium Alloys in a Molten Salt of LiCl-Li₂O

Direct Electrochemical Reduction of Natural Ilmenite into Ferrotitanium Alloys in a Molten Salt of LiCl-Li₂O

New Oxygen-Evolving Inert Anode Made of Nickel Metal Applicable to Electrolytic Reduction of UO₂ in LiCl–Li₂O Melt