Volume changes for mixing the major sea salts: Equations valid to ionic strength 3.0 and temperature 95�C

Connaughton, Leslie M.; Millero, Frank J.; Pitzer, Kenneth S.

doi:10.1007/bf00647260

Cited by 25 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Implementation of a self-consistent treatment of the solution density would require the addition of models for partial molar volumes to the code and incorporation of the corresponding equations in the iteration process. The theoretical and practical aspects of partial molar volumes in solutions extending to high concentration have been addressed for example by Millero (1977), Helgeson, Kirkham, and Flowers (1981), Kumar (1986), Connaughton, Millero, and Pitzer (1989), and Monnin (1989).…”

Section: Units Of Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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EQ3NR, a computer program for geochemical aqueous speciation-solubility calculations: Theoretical manual, user`s guide, and related documentation (Version 7.0); Part 3

Wolery¹

1992

496

402

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Glossary of Symbols a, d Symbols used to represent cations in the notation of Harvie, Moller, and Weare (1984); see alsoX-*?a, Thermodynamic activity of the i-th aqueous solute species. a w b^ Stoichiometric reaction coefficient, the number of moles of the s-th aqueous species appearing in the reaction for toe dissolution of the -th pure mineral; it is negative for reactants and positive for products. b Stoichiometric reaction coefficient, the number of moles of the j-th aqueous species appearing in the reaction for the dissolution of the g-Vti gas species; it is negative for reaclants and positive for products. b A parameter theoretically equivalent to the product SB and appearing in Pitzcr's equations with an fixed value of 1.2. B y Debyc-Huckcl B parameter used in writing expressions for In y,-or log l0 y,. B MX U) Observable second order interaction coefficient for neutral electrolyte MX (M = cation, X = anion); a function of the ionic strength. B' MX 0) The derivative of B MX (/) with respect lo ionic strength. B% lx (I) The comjiouiul function B MX (/) + 1B' MX (/). c, c' Symbols used to represent cations in the notation of Han'ie. Mollcr, and Wcare (1984); sec also A/. M. Q. molar Concentration of the i-th solute species in molarity (moIcs/L). Q. msiL Concentration of the j'-lh solute species in mg/L. Cj. mgikg Concentration of the i-th solute species in mg/kg solution. CJJ "j,i 8 Total dissolved solutes in mg/kg solution. C73. mgiL Tolal dissolved solutes in mg/L. C% lx Third order interaction coefficient for neutral electrolyte MX.

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Section: Units Of Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pressure dependence of activity coefficients has also been looked at in the context of the Pitzer formalism. For descri itions of recent work, see Kumar (1986), Connaughton, Millero, and Pitzer (1989), and Monnin (1989).…”

Section: Temperature and Pressure Dependencementioning

confidence: 99%

EQ3NR, a computer program for geochemical aqueous speciation-solubility calculations: Theoretical manual, user`s guide, and related documentation (Version 7.0); Part 3

Wolery¹

1992

496

402

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“…The equations have an appropriate form that makes them useful for estimating the properties of mixed electrolytes and can adequately fit the thermodynamic properties over a wide range of concentration and temperature. The Pitzer model has been shown to be useful in estimating activity coefficients in a wide variety of natural waters ,− as a function of temperature − and pressure. − In this paper we have examined the heat capacity of a number of 1−1 electrolytes using the Pitzer equations at 25 °C. The Pitzer parameters for heat capacities can be combined with enthalpy data , to estimate the effect of temperature (10−70 °C) and concentration (0−2 m) on the activity coefficient of electrolytes…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the Heat Capacities of Aqueous 1−1 Electrolyte Solutions with Pitzer's Equations

Criss

Millero

1996

J. Phys. Chem.

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The apparent molal heat capacities (φC p ) of 1−1 electrolytes at 25 °C have been fitted to the Pitzer equation φC p = C̄p ,2° + (AJ /1.2) ln(1 + 1.2I 1/2) − 2RT 2[mBJ MX + m 2 CJ MX], where C̄p ,2° is the partial molal heat capacity of at infinite dilution and B J MX and C J MX are empirical constants related to ion−ion interactions. The values of C̄p ,2° of the electrolytes have been used to determine partial molal heat capacities of ions. The coefficients BJ MX and CJ MX have been combined with Pitzer coefficients for enthalpies and osmotic coefficients to develop equations that can be used to determine activity coefficients of these electrolytes from 10 to 70 °C and from 0.1 to 2 m to within 1%.

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“…The degree of the decrease does not depend on the kind The symbol of is introduced because we neglect the difference between molality and molarity for a qualitative discussion. Equation (24) indicates that there are two possible factors which affect the slope deviations of the extraction isotherms in Fig.1 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of Cu(II) Solvent Extraction Behavior with Hydroxyoxime in the Presence of Alkali-metal Chloride.

幹也¹

1991

Shigen-to-Sozai(journal of the Mining and Materials Processing

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Volume changes for mixing the major sea salts: Equations valid to ionic strength 3.0 and temperature 95�C

Cited by 25 publications

References 20 publications

EQ3NR, a computer program for geochemical aqueous speciation-solubility calculations: Theoretical manual, user`s guide, and related documentation (Version 7.0); Part 3

EQ3NR, a computer program for geochemical aqueous speciation-solubility calculations: Theoretical manual, user`s guide, and related documentation (Version 7.0); Part 3

Modeling the Heat Capacities of Aqueous 1−1 Electrolyte Solutions with Pitzer's Equations

Prediction of Cu(II) Solvent Extraction Behavior with Hydroxyoxime in the Presence of Alkali-metal Chloride.

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