Volumes of coronary plaque disease in relation to body mass index, waist circumference, truncal fat mass and epicardial adipose tissue in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and controls

Abstract

Objectives: Coronary atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus may be promoted by regional fat distribution. We investigated the association between anthropometric measures of obesity, truncal fat mass, epicardial adipose tissue and coronary atherosclerosis in asymptomatic patients and matched controls. Methods: We examined 44 patients and 59 controls [mean (standard deviation) age 64.4 ± 9.9 vs 61.8 ± 9.7, male 50% vs 47%, diabetes duration mean (standard deviation) 7.7 ± 1.5] with coronary computed tomography angiography. Coronary plaques were quantified as total, calcified, non-calcified and low-density non-calcified plaque volumes (mm3). Regional fat distribution was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, body mass index (kg/m2), waist circumference (cm) and epicardial fat volume (mm3). Endothelial function and systemic inflammation were evaluated by peripheral arterial tonometry (log transformed Reactive Hyperemia Index) and C-reactive protein (mg/L). Results: Body mass index and waist circumference ( p < 0.02) were associated with coronary plaque volumes. Body mass index was associated with low-density non-calcified plaque volume after adjustment for age, sex and diabetes status ( p < 0.01). Truncal fat mass ( p > 0.51), waist circumference ( p > 0.06) and epicardial adipose tissue ( p > 0.17) were not associated with coronary plaque volumes in adjusted analyses. Conclusion: Body mass index is associated with coronary plaque volumes in diabetic as well as non-diabetic individuals.

Dual-layer spectral detector CT to study the correlation between pericoronary adipose tissue and coronary artery stenosis

“…This prompted PCAT attenuation may provide a surrogate global biomarker for underlying vascular inflammation importantly [19]. Some studies have shown that the EFV of patients with cardiovascular disease is related to the severity of the disease [20], and the EFV of patients with coronary heart disease is larger than patients without coronary heart disease [21], however some clinical studies did not find a significant correlation between the EFV and the severity of coronary artery stenosis [22], which is consistent with the results of this present study. This may indicate that in the process from subclinical atherosclerosis to non-significant stenosis, the increase in EFV has a better warning effect on atherosclerosis than the PCAT indicators, and EFV will help identify people at high risk of atherosclerosis.…”

Prevalence of Isolated Systolic Hypertension among People with Diabetes in Indonesia

“…It must be considered that the role of BMI measurement alone is inadequate for accurately predict the disease progression in DM subjects [41]. Other parameters such as body composition, total adipose mass, visceral adiposity-accumulation of intra-abdominal fat, and muscle mass should be analyzed to describe the current condition of DM subjects [41][42][43].…”

The Role of Epicardial Adipose Tissue in the Development of Atrial Fibrillation, Coronary Artery Disease and Chronic Heart Failure in the Context of Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Narrative Review

“…There is some uncertainty regarding the exact significance of EAT in the formation of CAD as some studies have indicated that there is no correlation between coronary blood flow and myocardial perfusion [ 104 , 105 ]. Gullaksen et al found no correlation between EFV (assessed by CT) and coronary plaque volume, although the authors acknowledge a small sample size and the cross-sectional nature of the study preventing a temporal relationship between EAT and CAD to be determined [ 106 ]. Even so, it seems a greater number of studies have demonstrated an increased risk profile for CVD associated with increased EAT.…”