Volumetric regional MRI and neuropsychological predictors of motor task variability in cognitively unimpaired, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and probable Alzheimer's disease older adults

Malek‐Ahmadi, Michael; Duff, Kevin; Chen, Kewei; Su, Yi; King, Jace B.; Koppelmans, Vincent; Schaefer, Sydney Y.

doi:10.1016/j.exger.2023.112087

Experimental Gerontology

2023

DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112087

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Volumetric regional MRI and neuropsychological predictors of motor task variability in cognitively unimpaired, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and probable Alzheimer's disease older adults

Michael Malek‐Ahmadi

Kevin Duff

Kewei Chen

et al.

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2024

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Cited by 4 publications

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Alzheimer's disease biomarker burden in primary motor cortices is associated with poorer dexterity performance

Gupta,

Ma,

Kohli

et al. 2024

Alzheimer's & Dementia

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INTRODUCTIONMotor function has correlated with longevity and functionality; however, there is limited research on those with Alzheimer's disease (AD). We studied the association between motor functionality and AD pathology in primary motor and medial temporal cortices.METHODSA total of 206 participants with a clinical diagnosis of cognitively healthy, AD, or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) underwent imaging and motor assessment. Linear regressions and analyses of variance were applied to test the prediction from AD imaging biomarkers to motor performance and the diagnosis group differences in motor performance.RESULTSIncreased neurodegeneration was associated with worsening dexterity and lower walking speed, and increased amyloid and tau were associated with worsening dexterity. AD and MCI participants had lower motor performance than the cognitively healthy participants.DISCUSSIONIncreased AD pathology is associated with worsening dexterity performance. The decline in dexterity in those with AD pathology may offer an opportunity for non‐pharmacological therapy intervention.Highlights Noted worsening dexterity performance was associated with greater Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology (tau, amyloid beta, and neurodegeneration) in primary motor cortices. Similarly, increased neurodegeneration and tau pathology in parahippocampal, hippocampal, and entorhinal cortices is associated with worsening dexterity performance. Motor performance declined in those with clinical and preclinical AD among an array of motor assessments.

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Alzheimer's disease biomarker burden in primary motor cortices is associated with poorer dexterity performance

Gupta,

Ma,

Kohli

et al. 2024

Alzheimer's & Dementia

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Classification of Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease Using Manual Motor Measures

Koppelmans,

Ruitenberg,

Schaefer

et al. 2024

Neurodegener Dis

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INTRODUCTION: Manual motor problems have been reported in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the specific aspects that are affected, their neuropathology, and potential value for classification modeling is unknown. The current study examined if multiple measures of motor strength, dexterity, and speed are affected in MCI and AD, related to AD biomarkers, and are able to classify MCI or AD. METHODS: Fifty-three cognitively normal (CN), 33 amnestic MCI, and 28 AD subjects completed five manual motor measures: grip force, Trail Making Test A, spiral tracing, finger tapping, and a simulated feeding task. Analyses included: 1) group differences in manual performance; 2) associations between manual function and AD biomarkers (PET amyloid β, hippocampal volume, and APOE ε4 alleles); and 3) group classification accuracy of manual motor function using machine learning. RESULTS: amnestic MCI and AD subjects exhibited slower psychomotor speed and AD subjects had weaker dominant hand grip strength than CN subjects. Performance on these measures was related to amyloid β deposition (both) and hippocampal volume (psychomotor speed only). Support vector classification well-discriminated control and AD subjects (area under the curve of 0.73 and 0.77 respectively), but poorly discriminated MCI from controls or AD. CONCLUSION: Grip strength and spiral tracing appear preserved, while psychomotor speed is affected in amnestic MCI and AD. The association of motor performance with amyloid β deposition and atrophy could indicate that this is due to amyloid deposition in- and atrophy of motor brain regions, which generally occurs later in the disease process. The promising discriminatory abilities of manual motor measures for AD emphasize their value alongside other cognitive and motor assessment outcomes in classification and prediction models, as well as potential enrichment of outcome variables in AD clinical trials.

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Using a Functional Upper Limb Motor Task to Predict Cognitive and Functional Decline in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease

Koppelmans,

Duff,

Schaefer

2024

Neurorehabil Neural Repair

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Background: Predicting the rate of cognitive and functional decline over the course of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is vital for advancing clinical care and research initiatives. Objectives: The current study examined if a functional upper limb motor task could predict 1-year change in cognition (Mini Mental Status Examination [MMSE]) and daily function (Quick Dementia Rating System [QDRS]) from a sample of 61 cognitively intact, 35 MCI, and 32 AD subjects. Results: Analyses adjusted for age, sex, and education showed that performance speed and variability on the motor task significantly predicted change in performance on the MMSE and QDRS over 1 year, and that these effects were small to medium in size (η2 = 0.04-0.05). Conclusion: These results suggest the potential of a simple motor task to estimate disease progression in MCI and AD, which could be used to provide additional clinical resources for and enrich clinical trials with those most likely to decline.

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Volumetric regional MRI and neuropsychological predictors of motor task variability in cognitively unimpaired, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and probable Alzheimer's disease older adults

Cited by 4 publications

References 61 publications

Alzheimer's disease biomarker burden in primary motor cortices is associated with poorer dexterity performance

Alzheimer's disease biomarker burden in primary motor cortices is associated with poorer dexterity performance

Classification of Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease Using Manual Motor Measures

Using a Functional Upper Limb Motor Task to Predict Cognitive and Functional Decline in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease

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