Voluntary exercise induces neurogenesis in the hypothalamus and ependymal lining of the third ventricle

Niwa, Akira; Nishibori, Masahiro; Hamasaki, Shuichi; Kobori, Takuro; Liu, Keyue; Wake, Hidenori; Mori, Shuji; Yoshino, Tadashi; Takahashi, Hideo

doi:10.1007/s00429-015-0995-x

Cited by 47 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 39 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…) and in the hypothalamus (Niwa et al . ). These anatomically widespread increases in adult neurogenesis in response to sustained aerobic exercise suggest that in addition to mechanisms local to the hippocampus, such as increased androgenic function (Okamoto et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Physical exercise increases adult hippocampal neurogenesis in male rats provided it is aerobic and sustained

Nokia

Lensu

Ahtiainen

et al. 2016

The Journal of Physiology

204

139

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Key pointsr Aerobic exercise, such as running, enhances adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) in rodents. r Little is known about the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIT) or of purely anaerobic resistance training on AHN.r Here, compared with a sedentary lifestyle, we report a very modest effect of HIT and no effect of resistance training on AHN in adult male rats.r We found the most AHN in rats that were selectively bred for an innately high response to aerobic exercise that also run voluntarily and increase maximal running capacity.r Our results confirm that sustained aerobic exercise is key in improving AHN.Abstract Aerobic exercise, such as running, has positive effects on brain structure and function, such as adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) and learning. Whether high-intensity interval training (HIT), referring to alternating short bouts of very intense anaerobic exercise with recovery periods, or anaerobic resistance training (RT) has similar effects on AHN is unclear. In addition, individual genetic variation in the overall response to physical exercise is likely to play a part in the effects of exercise on AHN but is less well studied. Recently, we developed polygenic rat models that gain differentially for running capacity in response to aerobic treadmill training. Here, we subjected these low-response trainer (LRT) and high-response trainer (HRT) adult male rats to various forms of physical exercise for 6-8 weeks and examined the effects on AHN. Compared with sedentary animals, the highest number of doublecortin-positive hippocampal cells was observed in HRT rats that ran voluntarily on a running wheel, whereas HIT on the treadmill had a smaller, statistically non-significant effect on AHN. Adult hippocampal neurogenesis was elevated in both LRT and HRT rats that underwent endurance training on a treadmill compared with those that performed RT by climbing a vertical ladder with weights, despite their significant gain in strength. Furthermore, RT had no effect on proliferation (Ki67), maturation (doublecortin) or survival (bromodeoxyuridine) of new adult-born hippocampal neurons in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. Our results suggest that physical exercise promotes AHN most effectively if the exercise is aerobic and sustained, especially when accompanied by a heightened genetic predisposition for response to physical exercise. Abbreviations AHN, adult hippocampal neurogenesis; BDNF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor; BrdU, bromodeoxyuridine; HIT, high-intensity interval training; HRT, high-response trainer; LRT, low-response trainer; RW, running wheel; Sed, sedentary; TBS, Tris-buffered saline;V O2 max , maximal oxygen uptake.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…) and in the hypothalamus (Niwa et al . ), suggesting that the neurogenic effect of exercise might occur throughout the brain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical exercise increases adult hippocampal neurogenesis in male rats provided it is aerobic and sustained

Nokia

Lensu

Ahtiainen

et al. 2016

The Journal of Physiology

204

139

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A number of studies have reported the incorporation of BrdU by cells in the brain parenchyma surrounding the 3rdV. Most studies, however, did not distinguish between the ependymal cell layer in the 3rdV and the hypothalamic parenchyma, and thus did not examine the ependymal cell layer independently of the neighbouring brain parenchyma (Chouaf-Lakhdar et al, 2003;Ernst & Christie, 2005;Kokoeva et al, 2005Kokoeva et al, , 2007Xu et al, 2005;Bennett et al, 2009;Matsuzaki et al, 2009;Pierce & Xu, 2010;Niwa et al, 2016). Although not quantified, the images presented in these reports suggest limited cell proliferation in the ependymal layer, but the extent of the proliferation appears to vary considerably in these studies.…”

Section: In Vivo Proliferation Of Cells In Brain Parenchyma Adjacent mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nestin expression and in vivo proliferative potential of tanycytes and ependymal cells lining the walls of the third ventricle in the adult rat brain

Hendrickson

Zutshi

Wield

et al. 2018

Eur J of Neuroscience

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There is a disagreement in the literature concerning the degree of proliferation of cells in the walls of the third ventricle (3rdV) under normal conditions in the adult mammalian brain. To address this issue, we mapped the cells expressing the neural stem/progenitor cell marker nestin along the entire rostrocaudal extent of the 3rdV in adult male rats and observed a complex distribution. Abundant nestin was present in tanycyte cell bodies and processes and also was observed in patches of ependymal cells as well as in isolated ependymal cells throughout the walls of the 3rdV. However, we observed very limited ependymal cell or tanycyte proliferation in normal adult rats as determined by bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation or the expression of Ki-67. Moreover, fewer than 13% of the cells that were BrdU-positive (BrdU+) or Ki-67-positive (Ki-67+) expressed nestin. These observations stand in contrast to those made in the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricle (SVZ) and subgranular zone of the hippocampal formation (SGZ), where cell proliferation measured by BrdU incorporation or Ki-67 expression is observed frequently in cells that also express nestin. Thus, while ependymal cell or tanycyte cell proliferation can be promoted by the addition of mitogens, dietary modifications or other in vivo manipulations, the proliferation of ependymal cells and tanycytes in the walls of the 3rdV is very limited in the normal adult male rat brain.

show abstract

“…Changes in metabolic conditions can also modify the proliferation of hypothalamic neuronal precursors (Table 1), including high temperatures (Matsuzaki et al, 2009), physical activity (Niwa et al, 2016), and a high fat diet (HFD) (Kokoeva et al, 2005; Lee and Blackshaw, 2012; Gouazé et al, 2013; Nascimento et al, 2016). During prenatal neurogenesis, in utero exposure to a HFD stimulates the production of orexigenic hypothalamic neurons (Chang et al, 2008), which causes changes in behavior and physiological conditions that extend into adulthood as demonstrated by the increased body weight and caloric intake observed in P70 (Chang et al, 2008).…”

Section: Hypothalamic Neurogenesis As An Adaptive Metabolic Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypothalamic Neurogenesis as an Adaptive Metabolic Mechanism

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the adult brain, well-characterized neurogenic niches are located in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles and in the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the hippocampus. In both regions, neural precursor cells (NPCs) share markers of embryonic radial glia and astroglial cells, and in vitro clonal expansion of these cells leads to neurosphere formation. It has also been more recently demonstrated that neurogenesis occurs in the adult hypothalamus, a brain structure that integrates peripheral signals to control energy balance and dietary intake. The NPCs of this region, termed tanycytes, are ependymal-glial cells, which comprise the walls of the infundibular recess of the third ventricle and contact the median eminence. Thus, tanycytes are in a privileged position to detect hormonal, nutritional and mitogenic signals. Recent studies reveal that in response to nutritional signals, tanycytes are capable of differentiating into orexigenic or anorexigenic neurons, suggesting that these cells are crucial for control of feeding behavior. In this review, we discuss evidence, which suggests that hypothalamic neurogenesis may act as an additional adaptive mechanism in order to respond to changes in diet.

show abstract

Voluntary exercise induces neurogenesis in the hypothalamus and ependymal lining of the third ventricle

Cited by 47 publications

References 39 publications

Physical exercise increases adult hippocampal neurogenesis in male rats provided it is aerobic and sustained

Physical exercise increases adult hippocampal neurogenesis in male rats provided it is aerobic and sustained

Nestin expression and in vivo proliferative potential of tanycytes and ependymal cells lining the walls of the third ventricle in the adult rat brain

Hypothalamic Neurogenesis as an Adaptive Metabolic Mechanism

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About