Voluntary exercise inhibits intestinal tumorigenesis in Apc
Min/+mice and azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium-treated mice

Ju, Jihyeung; Nolan, Bonnie; Cheh, Michelle A.; Bose, Mousumi; Lin, Yong; Wagner, George C.; Yang, Chung S.

doi:10.1186/1471-2407-8-316

Cited by 46 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In experimental studies, a treadmill running exercise reduced the number of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced aberrant crypt foci, a biomarker for colorectal carcinogenesis, in rats (14). In Apc min mice, voluntary (20) and treadmill (4) running exercise inhibited intestinal tumorigenesis. However, there is no information on BA metabolism in these studies showing inhibitory effects of exercise on the incidence of colorectal carcinogenesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Voluntary wheel running exercise and dietary lactose concomitantly reduce proportion of secondary bile acids in rat feces

Hagio

Matsumoto

Yajima

et al. 2010

Journal of Applied Physiology

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According to epidemiologic studies, a negative correlation exists between exercise amount and subsequent cancer development risk in the large intestine. The proportion of secondary bile acids (SBA) in the large intestine is related to subsequent risk for colorectal carcinogenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of voluntary wheel running exercise and dietary intervention on bile acid (BA) metabolism in the large intestine. Wistar/ST rats (6 wk old) were divided into two groups, exercise and sedentary, after acclimation. Four days after the animals were assigned to a group, rats in each group were fed diets supplemented with different carbohydrate sources including dextrin, sucrose, and lactose. The wheel running period was 4 wk in the exercise group, whereas rats in the sedentary group remained in individual cages during this period. BA composition in collected feces was analyzed with ultraperformance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. We found that wheel running exercise decreased plasma concentrations of cholesterol, triglyceride, and free fatty acids. These decreases were accompanied by a reduction in the proportion of SBA to primary BA (PBA) in feces; however, daily excretion of BA was comparable regardless of wheel running exercise. In addition, ingestion of lactose decreased the SBA-to-PBA ratio and suppressed production of hyodeoxycholic acid in feces. In conclusion, voluntary wheel running exercise, in combination with dietary intervention, could independently reduce the SBA-to-PBA ratio within the large intestine without changing BA excretion. These changes may contribute to the prevention of colorectal carcinogenesis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Voluntary wheel running exercise and dietary lactose concomitantly reduce proportion of secondary bile acids in rat feces

Hagio

Matsumoto

Yajima

et al. 2010

Journal of Applied Physiology

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“…β-Catenin phosphorylation was elevated 3.3-fold in polyps from these exercised mice. Ju et al (262) found that colon tumorigenesis was ~40% greater in sedentary than voluntary running mice Apc Min/+ mice. The sedentary mice had higher IGF-1/IGFBP-3 ratios and aberrant β-catenin signaling, as compared to the voluntarily running mice (262).…”

Section: Colon Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Lack of Exercise Is a Major Cause of Chronic Diseases

Booth

Roberts

Laye

2012

Comprehensive Physiology

2,083

1,400

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Chronic diseases are major killers in the modern era. Physical inactivity is a primary cause of most chronic diseases. The initial third of the article considers: activity and prevention definitions; historical evidence showing physical inactivity is detrimental to health and normal organ functional capacities; cause versus treatment; physical activity and inactivity mechanisms differ; gene‐environment interaction (including aerobic training adaptations, personalized medicine, and co‐twin physical activity); and specificity of adaptations to type of training. Next, physical activity/exercise is examined as primary prevention against 35 chronic conditions [accelerated biological aging/premature death, low cardiorespiratory fitness (V o 2 max), sarcopenia, metabolic syndrome, obesity, insulin resistance, prediabetes, type 2 diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, coronary heart disease, peripheral artery disease, hypertension, stroke, congestive heart failure, endothelial dysfunction, arterial dyslipidemia, hemostasis, deep vein thrombosis, cognitive dysfunction, depression and anxiety, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, balance, bone fracture/falls, rheumatoid arthritis, colon cancer, breast cancer, endometrial cancer, gestational diabetes, pre‐eclampsia, polycystic ovary syndrome, erectile dysfunction, pain, diverticulitis, constipation, and gallbladder diseases]. The article ends with consideration of deterioration of risk factors in longer‐term sedentary groups; clinical consequences of inactive childhood/adolescence; and public policy. In summary, the body rapidly maladapts to insufficient physical activity, and if continued, results in substantial decreases in both total and quality years of life. Taken together, conclusive evidence exists that physical inactivity is one important cause of most chronic diseases. In addition, physical activity primarily prevents, or delays, chronic diseases, implying that chronic disease need not be an inevitable outcome during life. © 2012 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 2:1143‐1211, 2012.

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“…Its effect on quality of life, fatigue, and CRC-specific mortality are not clear. In animal models of colon cancer, exercise has been demonstrated to significantly reduce colon cancer incidence [71,72].…”

Section: Exercisementioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Aspirin, Vitamin D, Exercise, Diet, Statins, and Metformin in the Prevention and Treatment of Colorectal Cancer

Sehdev

O’Neil

2015

Curr. Treat. Options in Oncol.

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a worldwide health problem leading to significant morbidity and mortality. Several strategies based on either lifestyle modifications or pharmacological interventions have been developed in an attempt to reduce the risk of CRC. In this review article, we discuss these interventions including aspirin (and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs), vitamin D, exercise, diet, statins, and metformin. Depending upon the risk of developing CRC, the current evidence supports the beneficial role of aspirin, vitamin D, diet, and exercise especially in high-risk individuals (advanced adenoma or CRC). However, even with these established interventions, there are significant knowledge gaps such as doses of aspirin and 25-hydroxy vitamin D are not well established. Similarly, there is no convincing data from randomized controlled trials that a high fiber diet or a low animal fat diet reduces the risk of CRC. Some potential interventions, such as statins and metformin, do not have convincing data for clinical use even in high-risk individuals. However, these may have emerging roles in the prevention and treatment of CRC. Greater understanding of molecular mechanisms and the application of genomic tools to risk stratify an individual and tailor the interventions based on that individual's risk will help further advance the field. Some of this work is already underway and is a focus of this article.

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Voluntary exercise inhibits intestinal tumorigenesis in Apc Min/+mice and azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium-treated mice

Cited by 46 publications

References 20 publications

Voluntary wheel running exercise and dietary lactose concomitantly reduce proportion of secondary bile acids in rat feces

Voluntary wheel running exercise and dietary lactose concomitantly reduce proportion of secondary bile acids in rat feces

Lack of Exercise Is a Major Cause of Chronic Diseases

The Role of Aspirin, Vitamin D, Exercise, Diet, Statins, and Metformin in the Prevention and Treatment of Colorectal Cancer

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