Voluntary intake of silages in dairy cows depending on chemical composition and in vitro gas production characteristics

Hetta, Mårten; Cone, J.W.; Bernes, Gun; Gustavsson, Anne‐Maj; Martinsson, Κjell

doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2006.06.013

Cited by 24 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Grass silage maturity Both grass silages used in this study were typical of grass silages commonly used in rations for dairy cows in Northern Europe (Hetta et al, 2007). The changes in the chemical composition and nutritive characteristics of the silage due to the maturity were consistent with those previously reported for temperate grasses (Rinne et al, 1997;Bernes et al, 2008;Kuoppala et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

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The effects of and interactions between the maturity of grass silage and concentrate starch source when offered as total mixed rations on the performance of dairy cows

Tahir

Lund

Hetta

2013

Animal

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A 2 3 2 factorial feeding experiment was conducted to examine the effects of varying the maturity level of the grass used to prepare silage and the nature of concentrate starch source and their interactions on dry matter intake (DMI), diet digestibility, energy corrected milk (ECM) production and milk composition in dairy cows. Twenty-eight multiparous Swedish Red dairy cows, 133 6 45 days in milk (DIM), with an average milk yield of 30 6 4 kg/day and a live weight of 624 6 69 kg were blocked by DIM and randomly assigned to seven replicated balanced 4 3 4 Latin squares with four 21-day experimental periods. The experimental diets consisted of four total mixed rations (TMR) consisting of early-cut grass silage (EGS) supplemented with either barley-or maize-based concentrate and late-cut grass silage (LGS) supplemented with either barley-or maize-based concentrate. All TMR contained identical proportions of forage (51%) and concentrate (49%). Total tract digestibility was estimated by determining indigestible NDF (iNDF) concentrations in feeds and faeces and using iNDF as an internal marker. The feeds' ruminal degradation parameters were determined using both in situ (nylon bag) and in vitro (gas production (GP)) techniques. Cows offered diets containing EGS had greater (P , 0.001) daily dry matter (DM) intakes, ECM yields and total tract digestibilities for DM and organic matter (OM), but these were not affected by the nature of the concentrate starch source. No interaction between the maturity of the silage and the nature of the concentrate starch source was observed for DMI, diet digestibility or ECM yield. Both grass silages and concentrates had similar rates of ruminal degradation of NDF when measured in situ. The in situ DM (P , 0.001) and starch (P 5 0.001) degradation rates of barley-based concentrate were greater than those for maize-based concentrate. In vitro OM GP rates and extents were similar for both concentrate feeds. The results showed that diets containing EGS offered better animal performance and diet digestibility than diets containing LGS. The concentrate starch source did not affect animal performance, but total NDF digestibility was better with diet containing barley-than maize-based concentrate.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…The incubations were terminated by putting the bottles on ice, and the residues were filtered into glass filter crucibles and analysed for NDF concentration (Chai and Udén, 1998). True organic matter digestibility (TOMD) was calculated as described by Hetta et al (2007).…”

Section: Animals Diets Feeding and Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of and interactions between the maturity of grass silage and concentrate starch source when offered as total mixed rations on the performance of dairy cows

Tahir

Lund

Hetta

2013

Animal

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“…Similar effects on increased VFA production in sheep fed molasses-treated corn silage have been shown (Donmez et al, 2003). An increased gas production has been related to improved silage quality (Hetta et al, 2007), which would also determine the microbial access to fermentable carbohydrates in the rumen. Lower gas production in silages treated with Lalsil and without molasses agrees with results of Muck et al (2007) who found that silages treated with inoculants generally produced less gas per unit of incubated DM than the control silages.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

The effects of wilting, molasses and inoculants on the fermentation quality and nutritive value of lucerne silage

Hashemzadeh¹,

Khorvash²,

Ghorbani³

et al. 2011

SA J. An. Sci.

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The objective was to determine the effects of wilting, molasses and inoculants on the biochemistry and in vitro and in situ digestion of lucerne silage. Lucerne containing 200 g/kg of dry matter (DM) was ensiled as fresh or wilted (370 g/kg DM). Molasses, at application rates of 0, 50 and 100 g molasses/kg DM, was added to the chopped lucerne. Within each molasses treatment, the lucerne was applied with distilled water or with the inoculants, Ecosyl or Lalsil. Wilting lucerne increased the silage DM and water soluble carbohydrates and decreased neutral detergent fibre, acid detergent fibre, ammonia and the acetate content of the silage. Adding 50 and 100 g molasses/kg to wilted lucerne and 100 g molasses/kg to fresh lucerne lowered the silage pH. Adding molasses to wilted lucerne increased the acetate content of the silage. In wilted but not in fresh lucerne both inoculants decreased the concentration of unavailable N in the silage. In wilted lucerne, Lalsil, but not Ecosyl, reduced the silage acetate level and in fresh lucerne both inoculants reduced the acetate level. Lalsil was more effective in wilted silages in improving the fermentation quality than Ecosyl. Both inoculants enhanced the 24-h rumen degradation of silage DM, with Lalsil being effective in wilted lucerne and Ecosyl in fresh lucerne. Molasses, at 100 g/kg, improved the in vitro silage organic matter digestion at 6, 8, 36 and 48 h post-incubation. It was concluded that inoculating lucerne crops with Lalsil improved the fermentation quality as well as nutritive value and lowered proteolysis. These effects were more pronounced in silage with a high DM content.

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“…This could be one reason for the absence of differences in DMI between BHV, WHV and G treatments. Digestibility and concentration of the NDF fraction are typically positively and negatively correlated to DMI of the grass silage, respectively (Hetta et al 2007). However, whole-crop cereal silages differ from grass silage in that the NDF concentration does not increase after heading, but remains constant or even decreases (Crovetto et al 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of growing dairy bulls offered diets based on silages made of whole-crop barley, whole-crop wheat, hairy vetch and grass

Huuskonen¹,

Joki‐Tokola²

2008

AFSci

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The present experiment was conducted to study diet digestibility, feed intake, animal performance and carcass characteristics of growing dairy bulls offered diets based on whole-crop barley, a mixture of whole-crop barley and hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth.) or a mixture of whole-crop wheat and hairy vetch relative to moderate digestible grass silage-based diet. The feeding experiment with 24 Finnish Ayrshire and 8 HolsteinFriesian bulls included 4 forage feeding treatments: grass silage (G), whole-crop barley and hairy vetch mixture silage (BHV), whole-crop wheat and hairy vetch mixture silage (WHV) and whole-crop barley silage (B). In all treatments animals were offered silage ad libitum. The amount of concentrate supplementation was 36 g (W 0.75 ) -1 per animal per day for all treatments. The concentrate ration included rolled barley and rapeseed meal. Differences between the treatments were compared using an a priori test (Dunnett's test) so that comparison of the diets was based on the G diet. The animals were fed the experimental diets from day 240 to finish at day 505 of age. During the experiment the average concentrate proportions of G, BHV, WHV and B diets were 437, 424, 426 and 423 g dry matter (DM) (kg DM) -1 , respectively. There were no significant differences in silage DM intake or in the total DM intake (DMI) (kg DM d -1 ) between treatments. However, DMI kg -1 W 0.75 tended to be 3.5% higher (p = 0.09) in the B diet than in the G diet. Due to increasing energy intake, the gain of the bulls was higher with the G diet than with the WHV diet (p < 0.05). BHV and B diets did not differ from the G diet in gain. Treatments had no significant effect on the dressing proportion or carcass conformation. The carcass fat score of WHV bulls was 29% lower (p < 0.05) than that of the G bulls, but BHV and B diets did not differ from the G diet in carcass fatness. The feed conversion rate (DM intake kg -1 carcass gain) of the bulls was better (p < 0.001) and protein conversion (g AAT kg -1 carcass gain) tended to be better (p = 0.07) with the G diet than with the WHV diet. BHV and B diets did not differ from the G diet in any feed conversion parameters. It can be concluded that replacing moderate digestible grass silage with whole-crop wheat and hairy vetch mixture silage decreased the carcass gain of growing dairy bulls due to lower energy intake and poorer feed conversion. Instead, replacing moderate digestible grass silage with whole-crop barley or with whole-crop barley and hairy vetch mixture silage resulted in no differences in the performance or carcass characteristics parameters of growing dairy bulls.

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Voluntary intake of silages in dairy cows depending on chemical composition and in vitro gas production characteristics

Cited by 24 publications

References 38 publications

The effects of and interactions between the maturity of grass silage and concentrate starch source when offered as total mixed rations on the performance of dairy cows

The effects of and interactions between the maturity of grass silage and concentrate starch source when offered as total mixed rations on the performance of dairy cows

The effects of wilting, molasses and inoculants on the fermentation quality and nutritive value of lucerne silage

Performance of growing dairy bulls offered diets based on silages made of whole-crop barley, whole-crop wheat, hairy vetch and grass

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