Volunteer or family/replacement donations: are the tides changing?

Mbanya, Dora; Feunou, F; Tayou, Tagny C

doi:10.1111/j.1537-2995.2010.02656.x

Cited by 12 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…This study goes in the other direction and confirms our previous study focused in São Paulo that community donors have a higher HIV prevalence 11 . Similar results with respect to risk of transfusion‐transmitted HCV among family replacement relative to community donors have recently being described in several African countries 30‐32 and Spain 33 . Our current and previous 11 studies show that “community” donors, that is, donors that come spontaneously to the blood center, were more likely to be HIV positive when compared to replacement blood donors who donate in the name of a specific recipient to “replace” the blood supply.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…1). If the previous donation date precedes 2007, the person-time is truncated to time within the study period (donation date-December 31,2006). If the donation is confirmed positive, then an incident infection is known to have occurred within the interdonation interval; however, the incident is not necessarily within the study period.…”

Section: Incidence Among Repeat Donorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human immunodeficiency virus prevalence, incidence, and residual risk of transmission by transfusions at Retrovirus Epidemiology Donor Study‐II blood centers in Brazil

Sabino

Gonçalez²,

Carneiro-Proietti³

et al. 2011

Transfusion

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Background In Brazil nationally representative donor data are limited on HIV prevalence, incidence and residual transfusion risk. The objective of this study was to analyze HIV data obtained over 24 months by the REDS-II program in Brazil. Methods Donations reactive to 3rd and 4th generation immunoassays (IAs) were further confirmed by a less-sensitive (LS) IA algorithm and Western blot (WB). Incidence was calculated for first-time (FT) donors using the LS-EIA results and for repeat donors with a model developed to include all donors with a previous negative donation. Residual risk was projected by multiplying composite FT/repeat donor incidence rates by HIV marker-negative infectious window periods. Results HIV prevalence among FT donors was 92.2/105 donations. FT, repeat donor and composite incidence were 38.5 (95%CI: 25.6–51.4), 22.5 (95%CI: 17.6–28.0) and 27.5 (95%CI: 22.0–33.0) per 100,000 person-years, respectively. Male and community donors had higher prevalence and incidence rates than female and replacement donors. Estimated residual risk of HIV transfusion-transmission was 11.3 per 106 donations (95%CI: 8.4–14.2), which could be reduced to 4.2 per 106 donations (95%CI: 3.2–5.2) by use of individual donation nucleic acid testing (NAT). Conclusion Incidence and residual transfusion risk of HIV infection are relatively high in Brazil. Implementation of NAT testing will not be sufficient to decrease transmission rates to levels seen in the US or Europe, therefore other measures focused on decreasing donations by at-risk individuals are also necessary.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Incidence Among Repeat Donorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human immunodeficiency virus prevalence, incidence, and residual risk of transmission by transfusions at Retrovirus Epidemiology Donor Study‐II blood centers in Brazil

Sabino

Gonçalez²,

Carneiro-Proietti³

et al. 2011

Transfusion

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“…Familial blood donation has been frequently reported to present a higher risk than a voluntary unremunerated donation. Few recent studies, yet to be widely confirmed, have not observed this difference between the two types of donations 37,38 . Few African countries can afford to depend solely on unremunerated donations and exclude all familial donations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Transfusion safety in francophone African countries: an analysis of strategies for the medical selection of blood donors

et al. 2011

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BACKGROUND The goal of selecting a healthy blood donor is to safeguard donors and reduce the risks of infections and immunologic complications for recipients. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS To evaluate the blood donor selection process, a survey was conducted in 28 blood transfusion centers located in 15 francophone African countries. Data collected included availability of blood products, risk factors for infection identified among blood donor candidates, the processing of the information collected before blood collection, the review process for the medical history of blood donor candidates, and deferral criteria for donor candidates. RESULTS During the year 2009, participating transfusion centers identified 366,924 blood donor candidates. A mean of 13% (range, 0%–36%) of the donor candidates were excluded based solely on their medical status. The main risk factors for blood-borne infections were having multiple sex partners, sexual intercourse with occasional partners, and religious scarification. Most transfusion centers collected this information verbally instead of having a written questionnaire. The topics least addressed were the possible complications relating to the donation, religious scarifications, and history of sickle cell anemia and hemorrhage. Only three centers recorded the temperature of the blood donors. The deferral criteria least reported were sickle cell anemia, piercing, scarification, and tattoo. CONCLUSIONS The medical selection process was not performed systemically and thoroughly enough, given the regional epidemiologic risks. It is essential to identify the risk factors specific to francophone African countries and modify the current medical history questionnaires to develop a more effective and relevant selection process.

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“…This widely disseminated belief was not supported by evidence in four sub‐Saharan African countries surrounding Burkina Faso (Allain et al. 2010; Loua & Nze Nkoure 2010; Mbanya et al. 2010; Diarra et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Seroprevalence and incidence of transfusion‐transmitted infectious diseases among blood donors from regional blood transfusion centres in Burkina Faso, West Africa

Nagalo

Bisseyé²,

Sanou

et al. 2011

Tropical Med Int Health

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Abstractbackground and objective The high prevalence of numerous transfusion-transmitted infectious diseases such as HIV, HBV, HCV and syphilis in sub-Saharan Africa affects blood safety for transfusion recipients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and incidence of transfusiontransmissible infectious diseases among blood donors in Burkina Faso.methods A retrospective study of blood donors' records from January to December 2009 was conducted. Prevalence and incidence of viral infections were calculated among repeat and first-time blood donors.results Of the total of 31 405 first-time volunteer blood donors in 2009, 24.0% were infected with at least one pathogen and 1.8% had serological evidence of multiple infections. The seroprevalence of HIV, HBV, HCV and syphilis in first-time volunteer donors was 1.8%, 13.4%, 6.3% and 2.1%, respectively. In 3981 repeat donors, the incidence rate was 3270.2, 5874.1 and 6784.6 per 100 000 donations for anti-HIV-1, HBsAg and anti-HCV, respectively. These numbers varied significantly according to populations where blood is collected and blood centres in Burkina Faso.conclusion The relatively high prevalence of viral markers in first-time volunteers and remarkably high incidence of infections in repeat donors raise concerns regarding the safety of these donors and suggest that implementation of NAT might significantly improve the situation.

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Volunteer or family/replacement donations: are the tides changing?

Cited by 12 publications

References 4 publications

Human immunodeficiency virus prevalence, incidence, and residual risk of transmission by transfusions at Retrovirus Epidemiology Donor Study‐II blood centers in Brazil

Human immunodeficiency virus prevalence, incidence, and residual risk of transmission by transfusions at Retrovirus Epidemiology Donor Study‐II blood centers in Brazil

Transfusion safety in francophone African countries: an analysis of strategies for the medical selection of blood donors

Seroprevalence and incidence of transfusion‐transmitted infectious diseases among blood donors from regional blood transfusion centres in Burkina Faso, West Africa

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