Vom Wirkungsgefüge der Triebe

Holst, Erich v.; Paul, Ursula von Saint

doi:10.1007/bf00603494

Cited by 184 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…This balance changed in favor of retreating at a higher stimulus intensity. Similar findings were reported by Von Holst and Von Saint Paul (1960) in their stimulation studies in the domestic chicken.…”

Section: Aggressive Behaviorsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Thus the type of behavior evoked by stimulation also depended on the internal state of the animal (e.g., experience) and on external, environmental conditions (e.g., the presence of a rival male or food). Stimulation studies, both in birds (Von Holst and Von Saint Paul, 1960) and in mammals (Valenstein et al, 1970), have emphasized the importance of these internal and external conditions for the response evoked.…”

Section: Aggressive Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

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Telencephalon and Behavior in Teleost Fish

Bruin

1980

Comparative Neurology of the Telencephalon

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Section: Aggressive Behaviorsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Aggressive Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Telencephalon and Behavior in Teleost Fish

Bruin

1980

Comparative Neurology of the Telencephalon

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“…Attempts to attack this problem more directly by simultaneously stimulating a threat eliciting and a fear evoking site (this was possible in three birds) were unsatisfactory because invariably one of the responses suppressed the other. Current adjustments only lead to an alternation of the suppressing behaviour (see also von HoIst & von St Paul 1960;Brown, Hunsperger & Rosvold 1969). Nevertheless, sometimes when the stimulation eliciting a suppressing fear response was switched off while still stimulating the threat eliciting locus a brief reboundintensification of this latter behaviour occurred.…”

Section: Brain Stimulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agonistic behaviour of juvenile gulls, a neuroethological study

Delius

1973

Animal Behaviour

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The results relating to agonistic behaviour obtained during an exploration of the brain of juvenile herring and lesser black-backed gulls (Larus argentatus andfuscus) with electrical stimulation are reported. As an introduction the normal agonistic behaviour of immature gulls is described. While the flight and aggressive behaviour is largely unritualized the threat behaviour is more stereotyped. Three basic threat patterns are distinguished: the arched, hunched, and squat postures. The relationship of these juvenile agonistic patterns with adult courtship is considered. A large number of sites evoking fear behaviour were found, anatomically widely and incoherently distributed. It is demonstrated that the spontaneous fearfulness levels of individual subjects influences the likelihood of obtaining escape eliciting loci. Stimulation of a number of these sites had an after-effect: a persistent, increased probability of escape behaviour. It seems likely that a proportion of the fear sequences elicited were secondary responses to evoked sensory hallucinations and forced small movements. None of the sites explored yielded outright attack behaviour. Thirteen sites yielded characteristic threat sequences. About half of them produced changes in 'mood' persisting for some 15 min. The sites were clustered in a paleostriatal-septal periventricular and an infundibular area. Histological differentiation of the neuroventricular interface at these areas is noted. Based on these it is argued that the secretion of 'liquormones' is responsible for the changes in 'mood' that followed stimulation.

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“…Moreover, such elicited behaviors are performed in the absence of the usual stimulus contexts. For example, stimulation of a particular hypothalamic area in chickens elicits antipredator behavior, with low voltage stimulation evoking the behavior patterns typical of the early phases of the antipredator sequence and higher voltages evoking behavior patterns typical of the later phases (von Holst & von St. Paul, 1960). The escalating sequence resembles the changes in behavior associated with an increasingly imminent attack from a predator without the presence of a predator.…”

Section: What Is Biased?mentioning

confidence: 98%