Voracious planktonic hydroids: unexpected predatory impact on a coastal marine ecosystem

Madin, Laurence P.; Bollens, Stephen M.; Horgan, Erich; Butler, Margaret R.; Runge, Jeffrey A.; Sullivan, Barbara K.; Klein-MacPhee, Grace; Durbin, Edward G.; Durbin, Ann G.; Keuren, Donna Van; Plourde, Stéphane; Bucklin, Ann; Clarke, M. Elizabeth

doi:10.1016/s0967-0645(96)00038-0

Cited by 44 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The relatively high numbers of positive TaqMan reactions from non-plaice fish larvae are unlikely to be due to contamination, since very low numbers of other organisms tested from the BIONESS samples gave positive reactions. Gelatinous predators are also often cited as major consumers of fish eggs and larvae (Purcell & Arai 2001), but in the present study gelatinous predators were not common (Madin et al 1996). Populations of species such as Aurelia aurita and Cyanea capitella usually peak in late summer/autumn in the Irish Sea (Houghton et al 2007) and predation pressure from these organisms should be relatively low early in the year (Purcell & Arai 2001).…”

Section: Clupeids As Fish Egg Predatorsmentioning

confidence: 54%

Identification of marine fish egg predators using molecular probes

Fox¹,

Taylor²,

Kooij³

et al. 2012

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Mortality during the egg and larval stages is thought to play a major role in de termining year-class strength of many marine fish. Predation of eggs and larvae is normally considered to be a major factor but the full suite of predators responsible has rarely been identified. Potential predators on a patch of plaice Pleuronectes platessa eggs located in the eastern Irish Sea were mapped using acoustics and sampled by trawl and a plankton multi-net. Gut contents of 3373 fish, crustacea and cephalopods sampled in the area were screened using a plaice-specific TaqMan DNA probe. Herring Clupea harengus and sprat Sprattus sprattus dominated trawl catches and showed high positive TaqMan responses (77 and 75% of individuals tested respectively). Locations of clupeid schools also broadly corresponded with the distribution of fish eggs in the plankton. Whiting Merlangius merlangus were also reasonably abundant in trawl hauls and 86% of their stomachs tested positive for plaice DNA. Species showing lower levels of positive TaqMan response included mackerel Scomber scombrus, poor cod Trisopterus minutus, squid Loligo spp., dogfish Scyliorhinus canicula and weever Trachinus vipera. Nonre activity of all negative controls precluded the occurrence of cross-contamination, and positive reactions from demersal species, such as dogfish and weever, may have resulted from secondary predation. No benthic macro-crustaceans tested positive. Samples of planktonic organisms yielded 13% positive TaqMan reactions, mainly from clupeoid or sandeel (Ammodytidae) larvae, but also included some Malacostraca and Amphipoda. Use of the molecular approach allowed rapid screening of a large number of potential predators of plaice eggs, and the results provide a more holistic description of the predator community than has previously been achieved.

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Section: Clupeids As Fish Egg Predatorsmentioning

confidence: 54%

Identification of marine fish egg predators using molecular probes

Fox¹,

Taylor²,

Kooij³

et al. 2012

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…adults on rafting objects or free living fragments (Madin et al, 1996), are crucial to explain species distribution. Short larval phases are not a limiting factor for wide distribution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other dispersal strategies were reported for hydroids that can live on rafting objects (Cornelius, 1992) or as free living fragments floating in the water column (Madin et al, 1996).…”

Section: Benthosmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Species can also spread by other stages than larvae. For example, adults can survive in the water column where they are advected by water currents and where they play a crucial role in water column ecology (Madin et al 1996). Rafting objects are a suitable substratum for transport (De Vantier, 1992) and byssus drifting is a common tool for many molluscs (Lane et al 1985).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Dispersal strategies of benthic species and water current variability in the Corsica Channel (Western Mediterranean)

Aliani¹,

Meloni²

1999

Sci. Mar.

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SUMMARY: Macrofauna and their dispersal strategies were identified in the fouling communities settling on current meter moorings deployed in the Corsica Channel. Oceanographic arrays provided time series of water current and substratum for colonisation of fauna. Larvae, sexual propagules, juveniles have different lengths of the planktonic phase. Some of these strategies are time-limited but others could survive indefinitely in the plankton. Current measurements indicate that fluxes are directed northward with reduced variability in direction and some fluctuations in magnitude with greater speeds in winter. The Corsica Channel is a one way gate for water fluxes from the Tyrrhenian Sea toward the Ligurian Sea. This gate could be "open" or "closed" for biological transport if length of planktonic phases and magnitude of current are consistent with the distances that dispersal forms have to travel to reach a suitable habitat. Strategies with an "unlimited" planktonic phase are less influenced by current variability.

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“…being the most abundant (Kane 1984;Lough 1984). Lynch et al (1998) concluded from earlier work on Georges Bank (Davis 1984;Madin et al 1996;Sullivan and Meise 1996) that predation is likely to be the dominant source of mortality of C. finmarchicus on the Bank. They estimated minimal mortality to be 20% d Ϫ1 for C. finmarchicus eggs and 15% d Ϫ1 for nauplii.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Predation by omnivorous copepods on early developmental stages of Calanus finmarchicus and Pseudocalanus spp.

Sell

Keuren

Madin

2001

Limnology & Oceanography

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Predation is thought to be an important source of mortality in the early life stages of fish and copepods on Georges Bank. Omnivorous copepods may be predators on copepod eggs and nauplii, but data on feeding rates or selectivity are scarce. As part of the GLOBEC Georges Bank program, we generated functional response curves for the omnivorous copepods Metridia lucens, Centropages typicus, and Temora longicornis feeding on the eggs and nauplii of Calanus finmarchicus or Pseudocalanus spp. in shipboard predation trials. Neither C. typicus nor M. lucens reached saturation feeding on Calanus eggs until prey concentration was >400 L−1. Individual M. lucens and C. typicus ingested up to 34 ± 9 (mean ± SD, n = 3) and 24 ± 14 eggs d−1, respectively (68C). T. longicornis was more abundant in late spring, when they ingested Calanus eggs at rates similar to those of C. typicus. At ambient prey concentrations, ingestion rates of Calanus nauplii were higher than rates of Calanus eggs for the predator M. lucens but were similar for C. typicus. Advanced naupliar stages were less susceptible to predation than young stages. Pseudocalanus nauplii moved faster and were ingested at lower rates than similarly sized Calanus nauplii. Predation rates increased with increasing temperature for the warm‐water species C. typicus but decreased for the cold‐water species M. lucens. These results may contribute to models predicting the development of copepod populations and their availability to larval fish.

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Voracious planktonic hydroids: unexpected predatory impact on a coastal marine ecosystem

Cited by 44 publications

References 2 publications

Identification of marine fish egg predators using molecular probes

Identification of marine fish egg predators using molecular probes

Dispersal strategies of benthic species and water current variability in the Corsica Channel (Western Mediterranean)

Predation by omnivorous copepods on early developmental stages of Calanus finmarchicus and Pseudocalanus spp.

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